[feature](nereids) explain shape plan (#18296)

`explain shape plan select ...`
only print plan shape related information, including
- node name
- join type, join condition
- filter condition
- agg phase

It is painful to maintain regression cases using explain since there are a lot of mutable information, like slot id.
By this pr, we could use explain shape plan in regression cases.

for exmaple:
this is tpch q2
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Explain String |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| PhysicalTopN |
| --PhysicalDistribute |
| ----PhysicalTopN |
| ------PhysicalProject |
| --------filter((cast(ps_supplycost as DECIMAL(27, 9)) = min(ps_supplycost) OVER(PARTITION BY p_partkey))) |
| ----------PhysicalWindow |
| ------------PhysicalQuickSort |
| --------------PhysicalProject |
| ----------------hashJoin[INNER_JOIN](supplier.s_suppkey = partsupp.ps_suppkey) |
| ------------------PhysicalProject |
| --------------------hashJoin[INNER_JOIN](part.p_partkey = partsupp.ps_partkey) |
| ----------------------PhysicalProject |
| ------------------------PhysicalOlapScan[partsupp] |
| ----------------------PhysicalProject |
| ------------------------filter((part.p_size = 15)(p_type like '%BRASS')) |
| --------------------------PhysicalOlapScan[part] |
| ------------------PhysicalDistribute |
| --------------------hashJoin[INNER_JOIN](supplier.s_nationkey = nation.n_nationkey) |
| ----------------------PhysicalOlapScan[supplier] |
| ----------------------PhysicalDistribute |
| ------------------------hashJoin[INNER_JOIN](nation.n_regionkey = region.r_regionkey) |
| --------------------------PhysicalProject |
| ----------------------------PhysicalOlapScan[nation] |
| --------------------------PhysicalDistribute |
| ----------------------------PhysicalProject |
| ------------------------------filter((region.r_name = 'EUROPE')) |
| --------------------------------PhysicalOlapScan[region] |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

fe/fe-core/src/main/antlr4/org/apache/doris/nereids/DorisLexer.g4

@@ -330,6 +330,7 @@ SESSION_USER: 'SESSION_USER';
 SET: 'SET';
 SETMINUS: 'MINUS';
 SETS: 'SETS';
+SHAPE: 'SHAPE';
 SHOW: 'SHOW';
 SKEWED: 'SKEWED';
 SOME: 'SOME';

fe/fe-core/src/main/antlr4/org/apache/doris/nereids/DorisParser.g4

@@ -64,6 +64,7 @@ planType
     | ANALYZED
     | REWRITTEN | LOGICAL  // same type
     | OPTIMIZED | PHYSICAL   // same type
+    | SHAPE
     | ALL // default type
     ;
 

fe/fe-core/src/main/java/org/apache/doris/nereids/NereidsPlanner.java

@@ -219,7 +219,10 @@ public class NereidsPlanner extends Planner {
                 LOG.info(tree);
             }
 
-            if (explainLevel == ExplainLevel.OPTIMIZED_PLAN || explainLevel == ExplainLevel.ALL_PLAN) {
+            System.out.println(physicalPlan.shape("  "));
+            if (explainLevel == ExplainLevel.OPTIMIZED_PLAN
+                    || explainLevel == ExplainLevel.ALL_PLAN
+                    || explainLevel == ExplainLevel.SHAPE_PLAN) {
                 optimizedPlan = physicalPlan;
             }
 
@@ -354,6 +357,8 @@ public class NereidsPlanner extends Planner {
                 return rewrittenPlan.treeString();
             case OPTIMIZED_PLAN:
                 return "cost = " + cost + "\n" + optimizedPlan.treeString();
+            case SHAPE_PLAN:
+                return optimizedPlan.shape("");
             case ALL_PLAN:
                 return "========== PARSED PLAN ==========\n"
                         + parsedPlan.treeString() + "\n\n"

fe/fe-core/src/main/java/org/apache/doris/nereids/trees/expressions/BinaryOperator.java

@@ -55,6 +55,11 @@ public abstract class BinaryOperator extends Expression implements BinaryExpress
         return "(" + left().toString() + " " + symbol + " " + right().toString() + ")";
     }
 
+    @Override
+    public String shapeInfo() {
+        return "(" + left().shapeInfo() + " " + symbol + " " + right().shapeInfo() + ")";
+    }
+
     @Override
     public int hashCode() {
         return Objects.hash(symbol, left(), right());

fe/fe-core/src/main/java/org/apache/doris/nereids/trees/expressions/Expression.java

@@ -210,4 +210,8 @@ public abstract class Expression extends AbstractTreeNode<Expression> implements
         return false;
     }
 
+    public String shapeInfo() {
+        return toSql();
+    }
+
 }

fe/fe-core/src/main/java/org/apache/doris/nereids/trees/expressions/SlotReference.java

@@ -124,6 +124,15 @@ public class SlotReference extends Slot {
         return name + "#" + exprId;
     }
 
+    @Override
+    public String shapeInfo() {
+        if (qualifier.isEmpty()) {
+            return name;
+        } else {
+            return qualifier.get(qualifier.size() - 1) + "." + name;
+        }
+    }
+
     @Override
     public boolean equals(Object o) {
         if (this == o) {

fe/fe-core/src/main/java/org/apache/doris/nereids/trees/plans/Plan.java

@@ -145,4 +145,29 @@ public interface Plan extends TreeNode<Plan> {
     }
 
     void setMutableState(String key, Object value);
+
+    /**
+     * a simple version of explain, used to verify plan shape
+     * @param prefix "  "
+     * @return string format of plan shape
+     */
+    default String shape(String prefix) {
+        StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
+        builder.append(prefix).append(shapeInfo()).append("\n");
+        String childPrefix = prefix + "--";
+        children().forEach(
+                child -> {
+                    builder.append(child.shape(childPrefix));
+                }
+        );
+        return builder.toString();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * used in shape()
+     * @return default value is its class name
+     */
+    default String shapeInfo() {
+        return this.getClass().getSimpleName();
+    }
 }

fe/fe-core/src/main/java/org/apache/doris/nereids/trees/plans/commands/ExplainCommand.java

@@ -43,6 +43,7 @@ public class ExplainCommand extends Command implements NoForward {
         ANALYZED_PLAN(true),
         REWRITTEN_PLAN(true),
         OPTIMIZED_PLAN(true),
+        SHAPE_PLAN(true),
         ALL_PLAN(true)
         ;
 

fe/fe-core/src/main/java/org/apache/doris/nereids/trees/plans/physical/AbstractPhysicalPlan.java

@@ -54,5 +54,4 @@ public abstract class AbstractPhysicalPlan extends AbstractPlan implements Physi
     public PhysicalProperties getPhysicalProperties() {
         return physicalProperties;
     }
-
 }

fe/fe-core/src/main/java/org/apache/doris/nereids/trees/plans/physical/PhysicalFilter.java

@@ -123,4 +123,13 @@ public class PhysicalFilter<CHILD_TYPE extends Plan> extends PhysicalUnary<CHILD
         return new PhysicalFilter<>(conjuncts, groupExpression, getLogicalProperties(), physicalProperties,
                 statistics, child());
     }
+
+    @Override
+    public String shapeInfo() {
+        StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
+        builder.append("filter(");
+        conjuncts.forEach(conjunct -> builder.append(conjunct.shapeInfo()));
+        builder.append(")");
+        return builder.toString();
+    }
 }

fe/fe-core/src/main/java/org/apache/doris/nereids/trees/plans/physical/PhysicalHashAggregate.java

@@ -272,4 +272,11 @@ public class PhysicalHashAggregate<CHILD_TYPE extends Plan> extends PhysicalUnar
                 aggregateParam, maybeUsingStream, Optional.empty(), getLogicalProperties(),
                 requireProperties, physicalProperties, statistics, newChild);
     }
+
+    @Override
+    public String shapeInfo() {
+        StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder("hashAgg[");
+        builder.append(getAggPhase()).append("]");
+        return builder.toString();
+    }
 }

fe/fe-core/src/main/java/org/apache/doris/nereids/trees/plans/physical/PhysicalHashJoin.java

@@ -152,4 +152,17 @@ public class PhysicalHashJoin<
         return new PhysicalHashJoin<>(joinType, hashJoinConjuncts, otherJoinConjuncts, hint, markJoinSlotReference,
                 groupExpression, getLogicalProperties(), physicalProperties, statistics, left(), right());
     }
+
+    @Override
+    public String shapeInfo() {
+        StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
+        builder.append("hashJoin[").append(joinType).append("]");
+        hashJoinConjuncts.forEach(expr -> {
+            builder.append(expr.shapeInfo());
+        });
+        otherJoinConjuncts.forEach(expr -> {
+            builder.append(expr.shapeInfo());
+        });
+        return builder.toString();
+    }
 }

fe/fe-core/src/main/java/org/apache/doris/nereids/trees/plans/physical/PhysicalNestedLoopJoin.java

@@ -167,4 +167,12 @@ public class PhysicalNestedLoopJoin<
     public boolean isBitMapRuntimeFilterConditionsEmpty() {
         return bitMapRuntimeFilterConditions.isEmpty();
     }
+
+    @Override
+    public String shapeInfo() {
+        StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder("NestedLoopJoin");
+        builder.append("[").append(joinType).append("]");
+        otherJoinConjuncts.forEach(expr -> builder.append(expr.shapeInfo()));
+        return builder.toString();
+    }
 }

fe/fe-core/src/main/java/org/apache/doris/nereids/trees/plans/physical/PhysicalOlapScan.java

@@ -155,4 +155,12 @@ public class PhysicalOlapScan extends PhysicalRelation implements OlapScan {
                 selectedPartitionIds, distributionSpec, preAggStatus, groupExpression,
                 getLogicalProperties(), physicalProperties, statistics);
     }
+
+    @Override
+    public String shapeInfo() {
+        StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
+        builder.append(this.getClass().getSimpleName()).append("[").append(olapTable.getName()).append("]");
+        return builder.toString();
+    }
+
 }