diff --git a/fe/fe-core/src/main/java/org/apache/doris/nereids/CascadesContext.java b/fe/fe-core/src/main/java/org/apache/doris/nereids/CascadesContext.java
index 08240250c6..ff60c6a180 100644
--- a/fe/fe-core/src/main/java/org/apache/doris/nereids/CascadesContext.java
+++ b/fe/fe-core/src/main/java/org/apache/doris/nereids/CascadesContext.java
@@ -93,6 +93,8 @@ public class CascadesContext implements ScheduleContext, PlanSource {
 
     private boolean isRewriteRoot;
 
+    private volatile boolean isTimeout = false;
+
     private Optional<Scope> outerScope = Optional.empty();
 
     public CascadesContext(Plan plan, Memo memo, StatementContext statementContext,
@@ -135,6 +137,14 @@ public class CascadesContext implements ScheduleContext, PlanSource {
         return new CascadesContext(initPlan, null, statementContext, cteContext, PhysicalProperties.ANY);
     }
 
+    public synchronized void setIsTimeout(boolean isTimeout) {
+        this.isTimeout = isTimeout;
+    }
+
+    public synchronized boolean isTimeout() {
+        return isTimeout;
+    }
+
     public void toMemo() {
         this.memo = new Memo(plan);
     }
@@ -282,7 +292,9 @@ public class CascadesContext implements ScheduleContext, PlanSource {
         this.outerScope = Optional.ofNullable(outerScope);
     }
 
-    /** getAndCacheSessionVariable */
+    /**
+     * getAndCacheSessionVariable
+     */
     public <T> T getAndCacheSessionVariable(String cacheName,
             T defaultValue, Function<SessionVariable, T> variableSupplier) {
         ConnectContext connectContext = getConnectContext();
diff --git a/fe/fe-core/src/main/java/org/apache/doris/nereids/NereidsPlanner.java b/fe/fe-core/src/main/java/org/apache/doris/nereids/NereidsPlanner.java
index 24fba6776f..b14f7a67c3 100644
--- a/fe/fe-core/src/main/java/org/apache/doris/nereids/NereidsPlanner.java
+++ b/fe/fe-core/src/main/java/org/apache/doris/nereids/NereidsPlanner.java
@@ -65,6 +65,10 @@ import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Optional;
+import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
+import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledExecutorService;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
 import java.util.stream.Collectors;
 
 /**
@@ -187,6 +191,11 @@ public class NereidsPlanner extends Planner {
                 }
             }
 
+            Optional<ScheduledExecutorService> timeoutExecutor = Optional.empty();
+            if (ConnectContext.get().getSessionVariable().enableNereidsTimeout) {
+                timeoutExecutor = Optional.of(runTimeoutExecutor());
+            }
+
             // rule-based optimize
             rewrite();
             if (explainLevel == ExplainLevel.REWRITTEN_PLAN || explainLevel == ExplainLevel.ALL_PLAN) {
@@ -224,6 +233,8 @@ public class NereidsPlanner extends Planner {
                 optimizedPlan = physicalPlan;
             }
 
+            timeoutExecutor.ifPresent(ExecutorService::shutdown);
+
             return physicalPlan;
         }
     }
@@ -343,6 +354,14 @@ public class NereidsPlanner extends Planner {
         }
     }
 
+    private ScheduledExecutorService runTimeoutExecutor() {
+        ScheduledExecutorService executor = Executors.newSingleThreadScheduledExecutor();
+        Runnable task = () -> cascadesContext.setIsTimeout(true);
+        executor.schedule(task, 5, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
+
+        return executor;
+    }
+
     @Override
     public String getExplainString(ExplainOptions explainOptions) {
         ExplainLevel explainLevel = getExplainLevel(explainOptions);
diff --git a/fe/fe-core/src/main/java/org/apache/doris/nereids/jobs/batch/CascadesOptimizer.java b/fe/fe-core/src/main/java/org/apache/doris/nereids/jobs/batch/CascadesOptimizer.java
index 9b7d15c9fc..fc0f0e12b8 100644
--- a/fe/fe-core/src/main/java/org/apache/doris/nereids/jobs/batch/CascadesOptimizer.java
+++ b/fe/fe-core/src/main/java/org/apache/doris/nereids/jobs/batch/CascadesOptimizer.java
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ import java.util.Objects;
  * cascade optimizer.
  */
 public class CascadesOptimizer {
-    private CascadesContext cascadesContext;
+    private final CascadesContext cascadesContext;
 
     public CascadesOptimizer(CascadesContext cascadesContext) {
         this.cascadesContext = Objects.requireNonNull(cascadesContext, "cascadesContext cannot be null");
diff --git a/fe/fe-core/src/main/java/org/apache/doris/nereids/jobs/scheduler/SimpleJobScheduler.java b/fe/fe-core/src/main/java/org/apache/doris/nereids/jobs/scheduler/SimpleJobScheduler.java
index a93270d48e..940f9d572f 100644
--- a/fe/fe-core/src/main/java/org/apache/doris/nereids/jobs/scheduler/SimpleJobScheduler.java
+++ b/fe/fe-core/src/main/java/org/apache/doris/nereids/jobs/scheduler/SimpleJobScheduler.java
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 
 package org.apache.doris.nereids.jobs.scheduler;
 
+import org.apache.doris.nereids.CascadesContext;
 import org.apache.doris.nereids.jobs.Job;
 
 /**
@@ -27,6 +28,10 @@ public class SimpleJobScheduler implements JobScheduler {
     public void executeJobPool(ScheduleContext scheduleContext) {
         JobPool pool = scheduleContext.getJobPool();
         while (!pool.isEmpty()) {
+            CascadesContext context = (CascadesContext) scheduleContext;
+            if (context.isTimeout()) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("Nereids cost too much time ( > 5s )");
+            }
             Job job = pool.pop();
             job.execute();
         }
diff --git a/fe/fe-core/src/main/java/org/apache/doris/qe/SessionVariable.java b/fe/fe-core/src/main/java/org/apache/doris/qe/SessionVariable.java
index b3a253103a..4478479e0c 100644
--- a/fe/fe-core/src/main/java/org/apache/doris/qe/SessionVariable.java
+++ b/fe/fe-core/src/main/java/org/apache/doris/qe/SessionVariable.java
@@ -208,6 +208,7 @@ public class SessionVariable implements Serializable, Writable {
     public static final String DISABLE_NEREIDS_RULES = "disable_nereids_rules";
     public static final String ENABLE_NEW_COST_MODEL = "enable_new_cost_model";
     public static final String ENABLE_FALLBACK_TO_ORIGINAL_PLANNER = "enable_fallback_to_original_planner";
+    public static final String ENABLE_NEREIDS_TIMEOUT = "enable_nereids_timeout";
 
     public static final String FORBID_UNKNOWN_COLUMN_STATS = "forbid_unknown_col_stats";
     public static final String BROADCAST_RIGHT_TABLE_SCALE_FACTOR = "broadcast_right_table_scale_factor";
@@ -708,6 +709,9 @@ public class SessionVariable implements Serializable, Writable {
     @VariableMgr.VarAttr(name = ENABLE_FALLBACK_TO_ORIGINAL_PLANNER, needForward = true)
     public boolean enableFallbackToOriginalPlanner = true;
 
+    @VariableMgr.VarAttr(name = ENABLE_NEREIDS_TIMEOUT, needForward = true)
+    public boolean enableNereidsTimeout = true;
+
     @VariableMgr.VarAttr(name = ENABLE_NEW_SHUFFLE_HASH_METHOD)
     public boolean enableNewShuffleHashMethod = true;
 
diff --git a/regression-test/suites/nereids_tpcds_p0/query_empty_table/nereids_tpcds_query_empty_table.groovy b/regression-test/suites/nereids_tpcds_p0/query_empty_table/nereids_tpcds_query_empty_table.groovy
index 5c1e845454..1acfc38239 100644
--- a/regression-test/suites/nereids_tpcds_p0/query_empty_table/nereids_tpcds_query_empty_table.groovy
+++ b/regression-test/suites/nereids_tpcds_p0/query_empty_table/nereids_tpcds_query_empty_table.groovy
@@ -54,6 +54,7 @@ suite("nereids_tpcds_query_empty_table") {
             sql "set enable_nereids_planner=true"
             sql "set enable_fallback_to_original_planner=false"
             sql "set query_timeout=60"
+            sql "set enable_nereids_timeout=false"
 
             logger.info("execute ${sqlFile.getName()} [${++num}/${sqlFiles.size()}]".toString())
             try {