[feature](function) support any type in SQL function (#18392)

Add AnyType to Doris.
Support Inference function in fe SQL function.

fe/fe-common/src/main/java/org/apache/doris/catalog/AnyType.java

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+// Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+// distributed with this work for additional information
+// regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+// specific language governing permissions and limitations
+// under the License.
+
+package org.apache.doris.catalog;
+
+import org.apache.doris.thrift.TColumnType;
+import org.apache.doris.thrift.TTypeDesc;
+
+/**
+ * Describes a AnyType type, used for SQL function return type,
+ *  NOT used for table column type.
+ */
+public class AnyType extends Type {
+
+    @Override
+    protected String toSql(int depth) {
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected String prettyPrint(int lpad) {
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void toThrift(TTypeDesc container) {
+        throw new RuntimeException("can not call toThrift on AnyType.");
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public TColumnType toColumnTypeThrift() {
+        throw new RuntimeException("can not call toColumnTypeThrift on AnyType");
+    }
+}

fe/fe-common/src/main/java/org/apache/doris/catalog/StructType.java

@@ -276,6 +276,15 @@ public class StructType extends Type {
         return Lists.newArrayList(this);
     }
 
+    public StructType replaceFieldsWithNames(List<String> names) {
+        Preconditions.checkState(names.size() == fields.size());
+        ArrayList<StructField> newFields = Lists.newArrayList();
+        for (int i = 0; i < names.size(); i++) {
+            newFields.add(new StructField(names.get(i), fields.get(i).type));
+        }
+        return new StructType(newFields);
+    }
+
     @Override
     public boolean equals(Object other) {
         if (!(other instanceof StructType)) {

fe/fe-common/src/main/java/org/apache/doris/catalog/TemplateType.java

@@ -117,8 +117,8 @@ public class TemplateType extends Type {
         expandSizeMap.computeIfAbsent(name, k -> args.length);
         if (expandSizeMap.get(name) != args.length) {
             throw new TypeException(
-                    String.format("can not expand variadic template type %s to %s size since it's "
-                            + "already expand as %s size", name, args.length, expandSizeMap.get(name)));
+                String.format("can not expand variadic template type %s to %s size since it's "
+                    + "already expand as %s size", name, args.length, expandSizeMap.get(name)));
         }
     }
 

fe/fe-common/src/main/java/org/apache/doris/catalog/Type.java

@@ -111,6 +111,7 @@ public abstract class Type {
             new StructField("generic_struct", new ScalarType(PrimitiveType.NULL_TYPE))));
     public static final StructType STRUCT = new StructType();
     public static final VariantType VARIANT = new VariantType();
+    public static final AnyType ANY_TYPE = new AnyType();
 
     private static final Logger LOG = LogManager.getLogger(Type.class);
     private static final ArrayList<ScalarType> integerTypes;