diff --git a/errors.toml b/errors.toml
index ce6ce2e582..1c6903d190 100644
--- a/errors.toml
+++ b/errors.toml
@@ -1381,6 +1381,11 @@ error = '''
 Unknown column '%-.192s' in '%-.192s'
 '''
 
+["table:1114"]
+error = '''
+The table '%-.192s' is full
+'''
+
 ["table:1192"]
 error = '''
 Can't execute the given command because you have active locked tables or an active transaction
diff --git a/executor/set_test.go b/executor/set_test.go
index b258cec1ca..c4dcc1b608 100644
--- a/executor/set_test.go
+++ b/executor/set_test.go
@@ -884,9 +884,9 @@ func (s *testSuite5) TestValidateSetVar(c *C) {
 	result = tk.MustQuery("select @@tmp_table_size;")
 	result.Check(testkit.Rows("167772161"))
 
-	tk.MustExec("set @@tmp_table_size=18446744073709551615")
+	tk.MustExec("set @@tmp_table_size=9223372036854775807")
 	result = tk.MustQuery("select @@tmp_table_size;")
-	result.Check(testkit.Rows("18446744073709551615"))
+	result.Check(testkit.Rows("9223372036854775807"))
 
 	_, err = tk.Exec("set @@tmp_table_size=18446744073709551616")
 	c.Assert(terror.ErrorEqual(err, variable.ErrWrongTypeForVar), IsTrue)
diff --git a/session/session_test.go b/session/session_test.go
index 1328fdbce2..61e90f6f4b 100644
--- a/session/session_test.go
+++ b/session/session_test.go
@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/pingcap/tidb/config"
 	"github.com/pingcap/tidb/ddl/placement"
 	"github.com/pingcap/tidb/domain"
+	"github.com/pingcap/tidb/errno"
 	"github.com/pingcap/tidb/executor"
 	"github.com/pingcap/tidb/kv"
 	"github.com/pingcap/tidb/meta/autoid"
@@ -4532,6 +4533,36 @@ func (s *testSessionSuite) TestInTxnPSProtoPointGet(c *C) {
 	tk.MustExec("commit")
 }
 
+func (s *testSessionSuite) TestTMPTableSize(c *C) {
+	// Test the @@tmp_table_size system variable.
+	tk := testkit.NewTestKit(c, s.store)
+	tk.MustExec("use test")
+	tk.MustExec("set tidb_enable_global_temporary_table=on")
+	tk.MustExec("create global temporary table t (c1 int, c2 varchar(512)) on commit delete rows")
+
+	tk.MustQuery("select @@global.tmp_table_size").Check(testkit.Rows(strconv.Itoa(variable.DefTMPTableSize)))
+	c.Assert(tk.Se.GetSessionVars().TMPTableSize, Equals, int64(variable.DefTMPTableSize))
+
+	// Min value 1024, so the result is change to 1024, with a warning.
+	tk.MustExec("set @@global.tmp_table_size = 123")
+	tk.MustQuery("show warnings").Check(testkit.Rows("Warning 1292 Truncated incorrect tmp_table_size value: '123'"))
+
+	// Change the session scope value.
+	tk.MustExec("set @@session.tmp_table_size = 2097152")
+	c.Assert(tk.Se.GetSessionVars().TMPTableSize, Equals, int64(2097152))
+
+	// Check in another sessin, change session scope value does not affect the global scope.
+	tk1 := testkit.NewTestKit(c, s.store)
+	tk1.MustQuery("select @@global.tmp_table_size").Check(testkit.Rows("1024"))
+
+	// The value is now 1024, check the error when table size exceed it.
+	tk.MustExec("set @@session.tmp_table_size = 1024")
+	tk.MustExec("begin")
+	tk.MustExec("insert into t values (1, repeat('x', 512))")
+	tk.MustExec("insert into t values (1, repeat('x', 512))")
+	tk.MustGetErrCode("insert into t values (1, repeat('x', 512))", errno.ErrRecordFileFull)
+}
+
 func (s *testSessionSuite) TestTiDBEnableGlobalTemporaryTable(c *C) {
 	// Test the @@tidb_enable_global_temporary_table system variable.
 	tk := testkit.NewTestKit(c, s.store)
diff --git a/sessionctx/variable/noop.go b/sessionctx/variable/noop.go
index 93b3c1c9ce..fe3af2d336 100644
--- a/sessionctx/variable/noop.go
+++ b/sessionctx/variable/noop.go
@@ -83,7 +83,6 @@ var noopSysVars = []*SysVar{
 	{Scope: ScopeNone, Name: "performance_schema_max_statement_classes", Value: "168"},
 	{Scope: ScopeGlobal, Name: "server_id", Value: "0"},
 	{Scope: ScopeGlobal, Name: "innodb_flushing_avg_loops", Value: "30"},
-	{Scope: ScopeGlobal | ScopeSession, Name: TmpTableSize, Value: "16777216", Type: TypeUnsigned, MinValue: 1024, MaxValue: math.MaxUint64, AutoConvertOutOfRange: true, IsHintUpdatable: true},
 	{Scope: ScopeGlobal, Name: "innodb_max_purge_lag", Value: "0"},
 	{Scope: ScopeGlobal | ScopeSession, Name: "preload_buffer_size", Value: "32768"},
 	{Scope: ScopeGlobal, Name: CheckProxyUsers, Value: Off, Type: TypeBool},
diff --git a/sessionctx/variable/session.go b/sessionctx/variable/session.go
index cd076bc50f..772882153a 100644
--- a/sessionctx/variable/session.go
+++ b/sessionctx/variable/session.go
@@ -836,6 +836,12 @@ type SessionVars struct {
 	// see https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/server-system-variables.html#sysvar_cte_max_recursion_depth
 	CTEMaxRecursionDepth int
 
+	// The temporary table size threshold
+	// In MySQL, when a temporary table exceed this size, it spills to disk.
+	// In TiDB, as we do not support spill to disk for now, an error is reported.
+	// See https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/server-system-variables.html#sysvar_tmp_table_size
+	TMPTableSize int64
+
 	// EnableGlobalTemporaryTable indicates whether to enable global temporary table
 	EnableGlobalTemporaryTable bool
 }
@@ -1041,6 +1047,7 @@ func NewSessionVars() *SessionVars {
 		EnableIndexMergeJoin:        DefTiDBEnableIndexMergeJoin,
 		AllowFallbackToTiKV:         make(map[kv.StoreType]struct{}),
 		CTEMaxRecursionDepth:        DefCTEMaxRecursionDepth,
+		TMPTableSize:                DefTMPTableSize,
 		EnableGlobalTemporaryTable:  DefTiDBEnableGlobalTemporaryTable,
 	}
 	vars.KVVars = tikvstore.NewVariables(&vars.Killed)
diff --git a/sessionctx/variable/sysvar.go b/sessionctx/variable/sysvar.go
index 9a51c17e2c..ff8650317d 100644
--- a/sessionctx/variable/sysvar.go
+++ b/sessionctx/variable/sysvar.go
@@ -1670,8 +1670,14 @@ var defaultSysVars = []*SysVar{
 	{Scope: ScopeGlobal, Name: TiDBGCRunInterval, Value: "10m0s", Type: TypeDuration, MinValue: int64(time.Minute * 10), MaxValue: math.MaxInt64},
 	{Scope: ScopeGlobal, Name: TiDBGCLifetime, Value: "10m0s", Type: TypeDuration, MinValue: int64(time.Minute * 10), MaxValue: math.MaxInt64},
 	{Scope: ScopeGlobal, Name: TiDBGCConcurrency, Value: "-1", Type: TypeInt, MinValue: 1, MaxValue: 128, AllowAutoValue: true},
+	{Scope: ScopeGlobal, Name: TiDBGCScanLockMode, Value: "PHYSICAL", Type: TypeEnum, PossibleValues: []string{"PHYSICAL", "LEGACY"}},
 	{Scope: ScopeGlobal, Name: TiDBGCScanLockMode, Value: "LEGACY", Type: TypeEnum, PossibleValues: []string{"PHYSICAL", "LEGACY"}},
 
+	// See https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/server-system-variables.html#sysvar_tmp_table_size
+	{Scope: ScopeGlobal | ScopeSession, Name: TMPTableSize, Value: strconv.Itoa(DefTMPTableSize), Type: TypeUnsigned, MinValue: 1024, MaxValue: math.MaxInt64, AutoConvertOutOfRange: true, IsHintUpdatable: true, AllowEmpty: true, SetSession: func(s *SessionVars, val string) error {
+		s.TMPTableSize = tidbOptInt64(val, DefTMPTableSize)
+		return nil
+	}},
 	// variable for top SQL feature.
 	{Scope: ScopeGlobal | ScopeSession, Name: TiDBEnableTopSQL, Value: BoolToOnOff(DefTiDBTopSQLEnable), Type: TypeBool, AllowEmpty: true, GetSession: func(s *SessionVars) (string, error) {
 		return BoolToOnOff(TopSQLVariable.Enable.Load()), nil
@@ -1854,8 +1860,8 @@ const (
 	MaxConnectErrors = "max_connect_errors"
 	// TableDefinitionCache is the name for 'table_definition_cache' system variable.
 	TableDefinitionCache = "table_definition_cache"
-	// TmpTableSize is the name for 'tmp_table_size' system variable.
-	TmpTableSize = "tmp_table_size"
+	// TMPTableSize is the name for 'tmp_table_size' system variable.
+	TMPTableSize = "tmp_table_size"
 	// Timestamp is the name for 'timestamp' system variable.
 	Timestamp = "timestamp"
 	// ConnectTimeout is the name for 'connect_timeout' system variable.
diff --git a/sessionctx/variable/tidb_vars.go b/sessionctx/variable/tidb_vars.go
index 33400361d1..2a5fd6360c 100644
--- a/sessionctx/variable/tidb_vars.go
+++ b/sessionctx/variable/tidb_vars.go
@@ -705,6 +705,7 @@ const (
 	DefTiDBTopSQLMaxStatementCount     = 200
 	DefTiDBTopSQLReportIntervalSeconds = 60
 	DefTiDBEnableGlobalTemporaryTable  = false
+	DefTMPTableSize                    = 16777216
 )
 
 // Process global variables.
diff --git a/sessionctx/variable/varsutil_test.go b/sessionctx/variable/varsutil_test.go
index 78a5b5c492..41f379a9d6 100644
--- a/sessionctx/variable/varsutil_test.go
+++ b/sessionctx/variable/varsutil_test.go
@@ -104,6 +104,7 @@ func (s *testVarsutilSuite) TestNewSessionVars(c *C) {
 	c.Assert(vars.ShardAllocateStep, Equals, int64(DefTiDBShardAllocateStep))
 	c.Assert(vars.AnalyzeVersion, Equals, DefTiDBAnalyzeVersion)
 	c.Assert(vars.CTEMaxRecursionDepth, Equals, DefCTEMaxRecursionDepth)
+	c.Assert(vars.TMPTableSize, Equals, int64(DefTMPTableSize))
 
 	assertFieldsGreaterThanZero(c, reflect.ValueOf(vars.MemQuota))
 	assertFieldsGreaterThanZero(c, reflect.ValueOf(vars.BatchSize))
diff --git a/table/table.go b/table/table.go
index b39304adca..f76210a9bd 100644
--- a/table/table.go
+++ b/table/table.go
@@ -97,6 +97,8 @@ var (
 	ErrSequenceHasRunOut = dbterror.ClassTable.NewStd(mysql.ErrSequenceRunOut)
 	// ErrRowDoesNotMatchGivenPartitionSet returns when the destination partition conflict with the partition selection.
 	ErrRowDoesNotMatchGivenPartitionSet = dbterror.ClassTable.NewStd(mysql.ErrRowDoesNotMatchGivenPartitionSet)
+	// ErrTempTableFull returns a table is full error, it's used by temporary table now.
+	ErrTempTableFull = dbterror.ClassTable.NewStd(mysql.ErrRecordFileFull)
 )
 
 // RecordIterFunc is used for low-level record iteration.
diff --git a/table/tables/tables.go b/table/tables/tables.go
index 003e2aa408..c78d1909cf 100644
--- a/table/tables/tables.go
+++ b/table/tables/tables.go
@@ -324,7 +324,12 @@ func (t *TableCommon) UpdateRecord(ctx context.Context, sctx sessionctx.Context,
 	defer memBuffer.Cleanup(sh)
 
 	if m := t.Meta(); m.TempTableType == model.TempTableGlobal {
-		addTemporaryTable(sctx, m)
+		if tmpTable := addTemporaryTable(sctx, m); tmpTable != nil {
+			if tmpTable.GetSize() > sctx.GetSessionVars().TMPTableSize {
+				return table.ErrTempTableFull.GenWithStackByArgs(m.Name.O)
+			}
+			defer handleTempTableSize(tmpTable, txn.Size(), txn)
+		}
 	}
 
 	var colIDs, binlogColIDs []int64
@@ -589,9 +594,20 @@ func TryGetCommonPkColumns(tbl table.Table) []*table.Column {
 	return pkCols
 }
 
-func addTemporaryTable(sctx sessionctx.Context, tblInfo *model.TableInfo) {
+func addTemporaryTable(sctx sessionctx.Context, tblInfo *model.TableInfo) tableutil.TempTable {
 	tempTable := sctx.GetSessionVars().GetTemporaryTable(tblInfo)
 	tempTable.SetModified(true)
+	return tempTable
+}
+
+// The size of a temporary table is calculated by accumulating the transaction size delta.
+func handleTempTableSize(t tableutil.TempTable, txnSizeBefore int, txn kv.Transaction) {
+	txnSizeNow := txn.Size()
+	delta := txnSizeNow - txnSizeBefore
+
+	oldSize := t.GetSize()
+	newSize := oldSize + int64(delta)
+	t.SetSize(newSize)
 }
 
 // AddRecord implements table.Table AddRecord interface.
@@ -607,7 +623,12 @@ func (t *TableCommon) AddRecord(sctx sessionctx.Context, r []types.Datum, opts .
 	}
 
 	if m := t.Meta(); m.TempTableType == model.TempTableGlobal {
-		addTemporaryTable(sctx, m)
+		if tmpTable := addTemporaryTable(sctx, m); tmpTable != nil {
+			if tmpTable.GetSize() > sctx.GetSessionVars().TMPTableSize {
+				return nil, table.ErrTempTableFull.GenWithStackByArgs(m.Name.O)
+			}
+			defer handleTempTableSize(tmpTable, txn.Size(), txn)
+		}
 	}
 
 	var ctx context.Context
@@ -1008,8 +1029,17 @@ func (t *TableCommon) RemoveRecord(ctx sessionctx.Context, h kv.Handle, r []type
 		return err
 	}
 
+	txn, err := ctx.Txn(true)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
 	if m := t.Meta(); m.TempTableType == model.TempTableGlobal {
-		addTemporaryTable(ctx, m)
+		if tmpTable := addTemporaryTable(ctx, m); tmpTable != nil {
+			if tmpTable.GetSize() > ctx.GetSessionVars().TMPTableSize {
+				return table.ErrTempTableFull.GenWithStackByArgs(m.Name.O)
+			}
+			defer handleTempTableSize(tmpTable, txn.Size(), txn)
+		}
 	}
 
 	// The table has non-public column and this column is doing the operation of "modify/change column".
@@ -1785,6 +1815,8 @@ type TemporaryTable struct {
 	stats *statistics.Table
 	// The autoID allocator of this table.
 	autoIDAllocator autoid.Allocator
+	// Table size.
+	size int64
 }
 
 // TempTableFromMeta builds a TempTable from model.TableInfo.
@@ -1815,3 +1847,13 @@ func (t *TemporaryTable) GetModified() bool {
 func (t *TemporaryTable) GetStats() interface{} {
 	return t.stats
 }
+
+// GetSize gets the table size.
+func (t *TemporaryTable) GetSize() int64 {
+	return t.size
+}
+
+// SetSize sets the table size.
+func (t *TemporaryTable) SetSize(v int64) {
+	t.size = v
+}
diff --git a/util/tableutil/tableutil.go b/util/tableutil/tableutil.go
index 11cbe626dc..bf5d7caac2 100644
--- a/util/tableutil/tableutil.go
+++ b/util/tableutil/tableutil.go
@@ -33,6 +33,9 @@ type TempTable interface {
 	// The stats of this table (*statistics.Table).
 	// Define the return type as interface{} here to avoid cycle imports.
 	GetStats() interface{}
+
+	GetSize() int64
+	SetSize(int64)
 }
 
 // TempTableFromMeta builds a TempTable from *model.TableInfo.