// Copyright 2015 PingCAP, Inc.
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.

package expression

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"strconv"
	"strings"
	"testing"
	"time"

	"github.com/pingcap/errors"
	"github.com/pingcap/failpoint"
	"github.com/pingcap/tidb/pkg/parser/ast"
	"github.com/pingcap/tidb/pkg/parser/charset"
	"github.com/pingcap/tidb/pkg/parser/mysql"
	"github.com/pingcap/tidb/pkg/parser/terror"
	"github.com/pingcap/tidb/pkg/testkit/testutil"
	"github.com/pingcap/tidb/pkg/types"
	"github.com/pingcap/tidb/pkg/util/chunk"
	"github.com/pingcap/tidb/pkg/util/mock"
	"github.com/pingcap/tidb/pkg/util/timeutil"
	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
	"github.com/tikv/client-go/v2/oracle"
)

func TestDate(t *testing.T) {
	ctx := createContext(t)
	tblDate := []struct {
		Input  any
		Expect any
	}{
		{nil, nil},
		// standard format
		{"2011-12-13", "2011-12-13"},
		{"2011-12-13 10:10:10", "2011-12-13"},
		// alternative delimiters, any ASCII punctuation character is a valid delimiter,
		// punctuation character is defined by C++ std::ispunct: any graphical character
		// that is not alphanumeric.
		{"2011\"12\"13", "2011-12-13"},
		{"2011#12#13", "2011-12-13"},
		{"2011$12$13", "2011-12-13"},
		{"2011%12%13", "2011-12-13"},
		{"2011&12&13", "2011-12-13"},
		{"2011'12'13", "2011-12-13"},
		{"2011(12(13", "2011-12-13"},
		{"2011)12)13", "2011-12-13"},
		{"2011*12*13", "2011-12-13"},
		{"2011+12+13", "2011-12-13"},
		{"2011,12,13", "2011-12-13"},
		{"2011.12.13", "2011-12-13"},
		{"2011/12/13", "2011-12-13"},
		{"2011:12:13", "2011-12-13"},
		{"2011;12;13", "2011-12-13"},
		{"2011<12<13", "2011-12-13"},
		{"2011=12=13", "2011-12-13"},
		{"2011>12>13", "2011-12-13"},
		{"2011?12?13", "2011-12-13"},
		{"2011@12@13", "2011-12-13"},
		{"2011[12[13", "2011-12-13"},
		{"2011\\12\\13", "2011-12-13"},
		{"2011]12]13", "2011-12-13"},
		{"2011^12^13", "2011-12-13"},
		{"2011_12_13", "2011-12-13"},
		{"2011`12`13", "2011-12-13"},
		{"2011{12{13", "2011-12-13"},
		{"2011|12|13", "2011-12-13"},
		{"2011}12}13", "2011-12-13"},
		{"2011~12~13", "2011-12-13"},
		// internal format (YYYYMMDD, YYYYYMMDDHHMMSS)
		{"20111213", "2011-12-13"},
		{"111213", "2011-12-13"},
		// leading and trailing space
		{" 2011-12-13", "2011-12-13"},
		{"2011-12-13 ", "2011-12-13"},
		{"   2011-12-13    ", "2011-12-13"},
		// extra dashes
		{"2011-12--13", "2011-12-13"},
		{"2011--12-13", "2011-12-13"},
		{"2011----12----13", "2011-12-13"},
		// combinations
		{"   2011----12----13    ", "2011-12-13"},
		// errors
		{"2011 12 13", nil},
		{"2011A12A13", nil},
		{"2011T12T13", nil},
	}
	dtblDate := tblToDtbl(tblDate)
	for _, c := range dtblDate {
		fc := funcs[ast.Date]
		f, err := fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(c["Input"]))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		v, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		testutil.DatumEqual(t, c["Expect"][0], v)
	}

	// test year, month and day
	tbl := []struct {
		Input      string
		Year       int64
		Month      int64
		MonthName  string
		DayOfMonth int64
		DayOfWeek  int64
		DayOfYear  int64
		WeekDay    int64
		DayName    string
		Week       int64
		WeekOfYear int64
		YearWeek   int64
	}{
		{"2000-01-01", 2000, 1, "January", 1, 7, 1, 5, "Saturday", 0, 52, 199952},
		{"2011-11-11", 2011, 11, "November", 11, 6, 315, 4, "Friday", 45, 45, 201145},
		{"0000-01-01", int64(0), 1, "January", 1, 7, 1, 5, "Saturday", 1, 52, 1},
	}

	dtbl := tblToDtbl(tbl)
	for ith, c := range dtbl {
		fc := funcs[ast.Year]
		f, err := fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(c["Input"]))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		v, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		testutil.DatumEqual(t, c["Year"][0], v)

		fc = funcs[ast.Month]
		f, err = fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(c["Input"]))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		v, err = evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		testutil.DatumEqual(t, c["Month"][0], v)

		fc = funcs[ast.MonthName]
		f, err = fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(c["Input"]))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		v, err = evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		testutil.DatumEqual(t, c["MonthName"][0], v)

		fc = funcs[ast.DayOfMonth]
		f, err = fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(c["Input"]))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		v, err = evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		testutil.DatumEqual(t, c["DayOfMonth"][0], v)

		fc = funcs[ast.DayOfWeek]
		f, err = fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(c["Input"]))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		v, err = evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		testutil.DatumEqual(t, c["DayOfWeek"][0], v)

		fc = funcs[ast.DayOfYear]
		f, err = fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(c["Input"]))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		v, err = evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		testutil.DatumEqual(t, c["DayOfYear"][0], v)

		fc = funcs[ast.Weekday]
		f, err = fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(c["Input"]))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		require.NotNil(t, f)
		v, err = evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		testutil.DatumEqual(t, c["WeekDay"][0], v)

		fc = funcs[ast.DayName]
		f, err = fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(c["Input"]))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		v, err = evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		testutil.DatumEqual(t, c["DayName"][0], v)

		fc = funcs[ast.Week]
		f, err = fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(c["Input"]))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		v, err = evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		testutil.DatumEqual(t, c["Week"][0], v, fmt.Sprintf("no.%d", ith))

		fc = funcs[ast.WeekOfYear]
		f, err = fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(c["Input"]))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		v, err = evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		testutil.DatumEqual(t, c["WeekOfYear"][0], v)

		fc = funcs[ast.YearWeek]
		f, err = fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(c["Input"]))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		v, err = evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		testutil.DatumEqual(t, c["YearWeek"][0], v, fmt.Sprintf("no.%d", ith))
	}

	// test nil
	ctx.GetSessionVars().SQLMode = mysql.DelSQLMode(ctx.GetSessionVars().SQLMode, mysql.ModeNoZeroDate)
	tblNil := []struct {
		Input      any
		Year       any
		Month      any
		MonthName  any
		DayOfMonth any
		DayOfWeek  any
		DayOfYear  any
		WeekDay    any
		DayName    any
		Week       any
		WeekOfYear any
		YearWeek   any
	}{
		{nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil},
		{"0000-00-00 00:00:00", 0, 0, nil, 0, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil},
		{"0000-00-00", 0, 0, nil, 0, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil},
		{"2007-00-03", nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil},
		{"2007-02-00", nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil},
	}

	dtblNil := tblToDtbl(tblNil)
	for _, c := range dtblNil {
		fc := funcs[ast.Year]
		f, err := fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(c["Input"]))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		v, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		testutil.DatumEqual(t, c["Year"][0], v)

		fc = funcs[ast.Month]
		f, err = fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(c["Input"]))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		v, err = evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		testutil.DatumEqual(t, c["Month"][0], v)

		fc = funcs[ast.MonthName]
		f, err = fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(c["Input"]))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		v, err = evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		testutil.DatumEqual(t, c["MonthName"][0], v)

		fc = funcs[ast.DayOfMonth]
		f, err = fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(c["Input"]))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		v, err = evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		testutil.DatumEqual(t, c["DayOfMonth"][0], v)

		fc = funcs[ast.DayOfWeek]
		f, err = fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(c["Input"]))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		v, err = evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		testutil.DatumEqual(t, c["DayOfWeek"][0], v)

		fc = funcs[ast.DayOfYear]
		f, err = fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(c["Input"]))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		v, err = evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		testutil.DatumEqual(t, c["DayOfYear"][0], v)

		fc = funcs[ast.Weekday]
		f, err = fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(c["Input"]))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		require.NotNil(t, f)
		v, err = evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		testutil.DatumEqual(t, c["WeekDay"][0], v)

		fc = funcs[ast.DayName]
		f, err = fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(c["Input"]))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		v, err = evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		testutil.DatumEqual(t, c["DayName"][0], v)

		fc = funcs[ast.Week]
		f, err = fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(c["Input"]))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		v, err = evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		testutil.DatumEqual(t, c["Week"][0], v)

		fc = funcs[ast.WeekOfYear]
		f, err = fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(c["Input"]))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		v, err = evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		testutil.DatumEqual(t, c["WeekOfYear"][0], v)

		fc = funcs[ast.YearWeek]
		f, err = fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(c["Input"]))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		v, err = evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		testutil.DatumEqual(t, c["YearWeek"][0], v)
	}

	// test nil with 'NO_ZERO_DATE' set in sql_mode
	tblNil = []struct {
		Input      any
		Year       any
		Month      any
		MonthName  any
		DayOfMonth any
		DayOfWeek  any
		DayOfYear  any
		WeekDay    any
		DayName    any
		Week       any
		WeekOfYear any
		YearWeek   any
	}{
		{nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil},
		{"0000-00-00 00:00:00", nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil},
		{"0000-00-00", nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil},
	}

	dtblNil = tblToDtbl(tblNil)
	err := ctx.GetSessionVars().SetSystemVar("sql_mode", "NO_ZERO_DATE")
	require.NoError(t, err)
	for _, c := range dtblNil {
		fc := funcs[ast.Year]
		f, err := fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(c["Input"]))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		v, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		testutil.DatumEqual(t, c["Year"][0], v)

		fc = funcs[ast.Month]
		f, err = fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(c["Input"]))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		v, err = evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		testutil.DatumEqual(t, c["Month"][0], v)

		fc = funcs[ast.MonthName]
		f, err = fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(c["Input"]))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		v, err = evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		testutil.DatumEqual(t, c["MonthName"][0], v)

		fc = funcs[ast.DayOfMonth]
		f, err = fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(c["Input"]))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		v, err = evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		testutil.DatumEqual(t, c["DayOfMonth"][0], v)

		fc = funcs[ast.DayOfWeek]
		f, err = fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(c["Input"]))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		v, err = evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		testutil.DatumEqual(t, c["DayOfWeek"][0], v)

		fc = funcs[ast.DayOfYear]
		f, err = fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(c["Input"]))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		v, err = evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		testutil.DatumEqual(t, c["DayOfYear"][0], v)

		fc = funcs[ast.Weekday]
		f, err = fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(c["Input"]))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		require.NotNil(t, f)
		v, err = evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		testutil.DatumEqual(t, c["WeekDay"][0], v)

		fc = funcs[ast.DayName]
		f, err = fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(c["Input"]))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		v, err = evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		testutil.DatumEqual(t, c["DayName"][0], v)

		fc = funcs[ast.Week]
		f, err = fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(c["Input"]))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		v, err = evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		testutil.DatumEqual(t, c["Week"][0], v)

		fc = funcs[ast.WeekOfYear]
		f, err = fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(c["Input"]))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		v, err = evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		testutil.DatumEqual(t, c["WeekOfYear"][0], v)

		fc = funcs[ast.YearWeek]
		f, err = fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(c["Input"]))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		v, err = evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		testutil.DatumEqual(t, c["YearWeek"][0], v)
	}
}

func TestMonthName(t *testing.T) {
	ctx := createContext(t)
	sc := ctx.GetSessionVars().StmtCtx
	sc.SetTypeFlags(sc.TypeFlags().WithIgnoreZeroInDate(true))
	cases := []struct {
		args     any
		expected string
		isNil    bool
		getErr   bool
	}{
		{"2017-12-01", "December", false, false},
		{"2017-00-01", "", true, false},
		{"0000-00-00", "", true, false},
		{"0000-00-00 00:00:00.000000", "", true, false},
		{"0000-00-00 00:00:11.000000", "", true, false},
	}
	for _, c := range cases {
		f, err := newFunctionForTest(ctx, ast.MonthName, primitiveValsToConstants(ctx, []any{c.args})...)
		require.NoError(t, err)
		d, err := f.Eval(ctx, chunk.Row{})
		if c.getErr {
			require.Error(t, err)
		} else {
			require.NoError(t, err)
			if c.isNil {
				require.Equal(t, types.KindNull, d.Kind())
			} else {
				require.Equal(t, c.expected, d.GetString())
			}
		}
	}

	_, err := funcs[ast.MonthName].getFunction(ctx, []Expression{NewZero()})
	require.NoError(t, err)
}

func TestDayName(t *testing.T) {
	ctx := createContext(t)
	sc := ctx.GetSessionVars().StmtCtx
	sc.SetTypeFlags(sc.TypeFlags().WithIgnoreZeroInDate(true))
	cases := []struct {
		args     any
		expected string
		isNil    bool
		getErr   bool
	}{
		{"2017-12-01", "Friday", false, false},
		{"0000-12-01", "Friday", false, false},
		{"2017-00-01", "", true, false},
		{"2017-01-00", "", true, false},
		{"0000-00-00", "", true, false},
		{"0000-00-00 00:00:00.000000", "", true, false},
		{"0000-00-00 00:00:11.000000", "", true, false},
	}
	for _, c := range cases {
		f, err := newFunctionForTest(ctx, ast.DayName, primitiveValsToConstants(ctx, []any{c.args})...)
		require.NoError(t, err)
		d, err := f.Eval(ctx, chunk.Row{})
		if c.getErr {
			require.Error(t, err)
		} else {
			require.NoError(t, err)
			if c.isNil {
				require.Equal(t, types.KindNull, d.Kind())
			} else {
				require.Equal(t, c.expected, d.GetString())
			}
		}
	}

	_, err := funcs[ast.DayName].getFunction(ctx, []Expression{NewZero()})
	require.NoError(t, err)
}

func TestDayOfWeek(t *testing.T) {
	ctx := createContext(t)
	sc := ctx.GetSessionVars().StmtCtx
	sc.SetTypeFlags(sc.TypeFlags().WithIgnoreZeroInDate(true))
	cases := []struct {
		args     any
		expected int64
		isNil    bool
		getErr   bool
	}{
		{"2017-12-01", 6, false, false},
		{"0000-00-00", 1, true, false},
		{"2018-00-00", 1, true, false},
		{"2017-00-00 12:12:12", 1, true, false},
		{"0000-00-00 12:12:12", 1, true, false},
	}
	for _, c := range cases {
		f, err := newFunctionForTest(ctx, ast.DayOfWeek, primitiveValsToConstants(ctx, []any{c.args})...)
		require.NoError(t, err)
		d, err := f.Eval(ctx, chunk.Row{})
		if c.getErr {
			require.Error(t, err)
		} else {
			require.NoError(t, err)
			if c.isNil {
				require.Equal(t, types.KindNull, d.Kind())
			} else {
				require.Equal(t, c.expected, d.GetInt64())
			}
		}
	}

	_, err := funcs[ast.DayOfWeek].getFunction(ctx, []Expression{NewZero()})
	require.NoError(t, err)
}

func TestDayOfMonth(t *testing.T) {
	ctx := createContext(t)
	sc := ctx.GetSessionVars().StmtCtx
	sc.SetTypeFlags(sc.TypeFlags().WithIgnoreZeroInDate(true))
	cases := []struct {
		args     any
		expected int64
		isNil    bool
		getErr   bool
	}{
		{"2017-12-01", 1, false, false},
		{"0000-00-00", 0, false, false},
		{"2018-00-00", 0, false, false},
		{"2017-00-00 12:12:12", 0, false, false},
		{"0000-00-00 12:12:12", 0, false, false},
	}
	for _, c := range cases {
		f, err := newFunctionForTest(ctx, ast.DayOfMonth, primitiveValsToConstants(ctx, []any{c.args})...)
		require.NoError(t, err)
		d, err := f.Eval(ctx, chunk.Row{})
		if c.getErr {
			require.Error(t, err)
		} else {
			require.NoError(t, err)
			if c.isNil {
				require.Equal(t, types.KindNull, d.Kind())
			} else {
				require.Equal(t, c.expected, d.GetInt64())
			}
		}
	}

	_, err := funcs[ast.DayOfMonth].getFunction(ctx, []Expression{NewZero()})
	require.NoError(t, err)
}

func TestDayOfYear(t *testing.T) {
	ctx := createContext(t)
	sc := ctx.GetSessionVars().StmtCtx
	sc.SetTypeFlags(sc.TypeFlags().WithIgnoreZeroInDate(true))
	cases := []struct {
		args     any
		expected int64
		isNil    bool
		getErr   bool
	}{
		{"2017-12-01", 335, false, false},
		{"0000-00-00", 1, true, false},
		{"2018-00-00", 0, true, false},
		{"2017-00-00 12:12:12", 0, true, false},
		{"0000-00-00 12:12:12", 0, true, false},
	}
	for _, c := range cases {
		f, err := newFunctionForTest(ctx, ast.DayOfYear, primitiveValsToConstants(ctx, []any{c.args})...)
		require.NoError(t, err)
		d, err := f.Eval(ctx, chunk.Row{})
		if c.getErr {
			require.Error(t, err)
		} else {
			require.NoError(t, err)
			if c.isNil {
				require.Equal(t, types.KindNull, d.Kind())
			} else {
				require.Equal(t, c.expected, d.GetInt64())
			}
		}
	}

	_, err := funcs[ast.DayOfYear].getFunction(ctx, []Expression{NewZero()})
	require.NoError(t, err)
}

func TestDateFormat(t *testing.T) {
	ctx := createContext(t)
	// Test case for https://github.com/pingcap/tidb/issues/2908
	// SELECT DATE_FORMAT(null,'%Y-%M-%D')
	args := []types.Datum{types.NewDatum(nil), types.NewStringDatum("%Y-%M-%D")}
	fc := funcs[ast.DateFormat]
	f, err := fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(args))
	require.NoError(t, err)
	v, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
	require.NoError(t, err)
	require.Equal(t, true, v.IsNull())

	tblDate := []struct {
		Input  []string
		Expect any
	}{
		{[]string{"2010-01-07 23:12:34.12345",
			`%b %M %m %c %D %d %e %j %k %h %i %p %r %T %s %f %U %u %V %v %a %W %w %X %x %Y %y %%`},
			`Jan January 01 1 7th 07 7 007 23 11 12 PM 11:12:34 PM 23:12:34 34 123450 01 01 01 01 Thu Thursday 4 2010 2010 2010 10 %`},
		{[]string{"2012-12-21 23:12:34.123456",
			`%b %M %m %c %D %d %e %j %k %h %i %p %r %T %s %f %U %u %V %v %a %W %w %X %x %Y %y %%`},
			"Dec December 12 12 21st 21 21 356 23 11 12 PM 11:12:34 PM 23:12:34 34 123456 51 51 51 51 Fri Friday 5 2012 2012 2012 12 %"},
		{[]string{"0000-01-01 00:00:00.123456",
			// Functions week() and yearweek() don't support multi mode,
			// so the result of "%U %u %V %Y" is different from MySQL.
			`%b %M %m %c %D %d %e %j %k %h %i %p %r %T %s %f %v %x %Y %y %%`},
			`Jan January 01 1 1st 01 1 001 0 12 00 AM 12:00:00 AM 00:00:00 00 123456 52 4294967295 0000 00 %`},
		{[]string{"2016-09-3 00:59:59.123456",
			`abc%b %M %m %c %D %d %e %j %k %h %i %p %r %T %s %f %U %u %V %v %a %W %w %X %x %Y %y!123 %%xyz %z`},
			`abcSep September 09 9 3rd 03 3 247 0 12 59 AM 12:59:59 AM 00:59:59 59 123456 35 35 35 35 Sat Saturday 6 2016 2016 2016 16!123 %xyz z`},
		{[]string{"2012-10-01 00:00:00",
			`%b %M %m %c %D %d %e %j %k %H %i %p %r %T %s %f %v %x %Y %y %%`},
			`Oct October 10 10 1st 01 1 275 0 00 00 AM 12:00:00 AM 00:00:00 00 000000 40 2012 2012 12 %`},
	}
	dtblDate := tblToDtbl(tblDate)
	for i, c := range dtblDate {
		fc := funcs[ast.DateFormat]
		f, err := fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(c["Input"]))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		v, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		comment := fmt.Sprintf("no.%d\nobtain:%v\nexpect:%v\n", i, v.GetValue(), c["Expect"][0].GetValue())
		testutil.DatumEqual(t, c["Expect"][0], v, comment)
	}
}

func TestClock(t *testing.T) {
	ctx := createContext(t)
	// test hour, minute, second, micro second

	tbl := []struct {
		Input       string
		Hour        int64
		Minute      int64
		Second      int64
		MicroSecond int64
		Time        string
	}{
		{"10:10:10.123456", 10, 10, 10, 123456, "10:10:10.123456"},
		{"11:11:11.11", 11, 11, 11, 110000, "11:11:11.11"},
		{"2010-10-10 11:11:11.11", 11, 11, 11, 110000, "11:11:11.11"},
	}

	dtbl := tblToDtbl(tbl)
	for _, c := range dtbl {
		fc := funcs[ast.Hour]
		f, err := fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(c["Input"]))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		v, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		testutil.DatumEqual(t, c["Hour"][0], v)

		fc = funcs[ast.Minute]
		f, err = fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(c["Input"]))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		v, err = evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		testutil.DatumEqual(t, c["Minute"][0], v)

		fc = funcs[ast.Second]
		f, err = fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(c["Input"]))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		v, err = evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		testutil.DatumEqual(t, c["Second"][0], v)

		fc = funcs[ast.MicroSecond]
		f, err = fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(c["Input"]))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		v, err = evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		testutil.DatumEqual(t, c["MicroSecond"][0], v)

		fc = funcs[ast.Time]
		f, err = fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(c["Input"]))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		v, err = evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		testutil.DatumEqual(t, c["Time"][0], v)
	}

	// nil
	fc := funcs[ast.Hour]
	f, err := fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(types.MakeDatums(nil)))
	require.NoError(t, err)
	v, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
	require.NoError(t, err)
	require.Equal(t, types.KindNull, v.Kind())

	fc = funcs[ast.Minute]
	f, err = fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(types.MakeDatums(nil)))
	require.NoError(t, err)
	v, err = evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
	require.NoError(t, err)
	require.Equal(t, types.KindNull, v.Kind())

	fc = funcs[ast.Second]
	f, err = fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(types.MakeDatums(nil)))
	require.NoError(t, err)
	v, err = evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
	require.NoError(t, err)
	require.Equal(t, types.KindNull, v.Kind())

	fc = funcs[ast.MicroSecond]
	f, err = fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(types.MakeDatums(nil)))
	require.NoError(t, err)
	v, err = evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
	require.NoError(t, err)
	require.Equal(t, types.KindNull, v.Kind())

	fc = funcs[ast.Time]
	f, err = fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(types.MakeDatums(nil)))
	require.NoError(t, err)
	v, err = evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
	require.NoError(t, err)
	require.Equal(t, types.KindNull, v.Kind())

	// test error
	errTbl := []string{
		"2011-11-11 10:10:10.11.12",
	}

	for _, c := range errTbl {
		td := types.MakeDatums(c)
		fc := funcs[ast.Hour]
		f, err := fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(td))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		_, err = evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)

		fc = funcs[ast.Minute]
		f, err = fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(td))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		_, err = evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)

		fc = funcs[ast.Second]
		f, err = fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(td))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		_, err = evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)

		fc = funcs[ast.MicroSecond]
		f, err = fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(td))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		_, err = evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)

		fc = funcs[ast.Time]
		preWarningCnt := ctx.GetSessionVars().StmtCtx.WarningCount()
		f, err = fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(td))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		_, err = evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		require.Equal(t, preWarningCnt+1, ctx.GetSessionVars().StmtCtx.WarningCount())
	}
}

func TestTime(t *testing.T) {
	ctx := createContext(t)
	cases := []struct {
		args     any
		expected string
		isNil    bool
		getErr   bool
		flen     int
	}{
		{"2003-12-31 01:02:03", "01:02:03", false, false, 10},
		{"2003-12-31 01:02:03.000123", "01:02:03.000123", false, false, 17},
		{"01:02:03.000123", "01:02:03.000123", false, false, 17},
		{"01:02:03", "01:02:03", false, false, 10},
		{"-838:59:59.000000", "-838:59:59.000000", false, false, 17},
	}

	for _, c := range cases {
		f, err := newFunctionForTest(ctx, ast.Time, primitiveValsToConstants(ctx, []any{c.args})...)
		require.NoError(t, err)
		tp := f.GetType()
		require.Equal(t, mysql.TypeDuration, tp.GetType())
		require.Equal(t, charset.CharsetBin, tp.GetCharset())
		require.Equal(t, charset.CollationBin, tp.GetCollate())
		require.Equal(t, mysql.BinaryFlag, tp.GetFlag()&mysql.BinaryFlag)
		require.Equal(t, c.flen, tp.GetFlen())
		d, err := f.Eval(ctx, chunk.Row{})
		if c.getErr {
			require.Error(t, err)
		} else {
			require.NoError(t, err)
			if c.isNil {
				require.Equal(t, types.KindNull, d.Kind())
			} else {
				require.Equal(t, c.expected, d.GetMysqlDuration().String())
			}
		}
	}

	_, err := funcs[ast.Time].getFunction(ctx, []Expression{NewZero()})
	require.NoError(t, err)
}

func resetStmtContext(ctx *mock.Context) {
	ctx.GetSessionVars().StmtCtx.ResetStmtCache()
}

func TestNowAndUTCTimestamp(t *testing.T) {
	ctx := createContext(t)
	gotime := func(typ types.Time, l *time.Location) time.Time {
		tt, err := typ.GoTime(l)
		require.NoError(t, err)
		return tt
	}

	for _, x := range []struct {
		fc  functionClass
		now func() time.Time
	}{
		{funcs[ast.Now], time.Now},
		{funcs[ast.UTCTimestamp], func() time.Time { return time.Now().UTC() }},
	} {
		f, err := x.fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(nil))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		resetStmtContext(ctx)
		v, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		ts := x.now()
		require.NoError(t, err)
		mt := v.GetMysqlTime()
		// we canot use a constant value to check timestamp funcs, so here
		// just to check the fractional seconds part and the time delta.
		require.False(t, strings.Contains(mt.String(), "."))
		require.LessOrEqual(t, ts.Sub(gotime(mt, ts.Location())), 5*time.Second)

		f, err = x.fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(types.MakeDatums(6)))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		resetStmtContext(ctx)
		v, err = evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		ts = x.now()
		require.NoError(t, err)
		mt = v.GetMysqlTime()
		require.True(t, strings.Contains(mt.String(), "."))
		require.LessOrEqual(t, ts.Sub(gotime(mt, ts.Location())), 5*time.Second)

		resetStmtContext(ctx)
		_, err = x.fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(types.MakeDatums(8)))
		require.Error(t, err)

		resetStmtContext(ctx)
		_, err = x.fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(types.MakeDatums(-2)))
		require.Error(t, err)
	}

	// Test that "timestamp" and "time_zone" variable may affect the result of Now() builtin function.
	err := ctx.GetSessionVars().SetSystemVar("time_zone", "UTC")
	require.NoError(t, err)
	ctx.GetSessionVars().StmtCtx.SetTimeZone(time.UTC)
	err = ctx.GetSessionVars().SetSystemVar("timestamp", "1234")
	require.NoError(t, err)
	fc := funcs[ast.Now]
	resetStmtContext(ctx)
	f, err := fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(nil))
	require.NoError(t, err)
	v, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
	require.NoError(t, err)
	result, err := v.ToString()
	require.NoError(t, err)
	require.Equal(t, "1970-01-01 00:20:34", result)
	err = ctx.GetSessionVars().SetSystemVar("timestamp", "0")
	require.NoError(t, err)
	err = ctx.GetSessionVars().SetSystemVar("time_zone", "system")
	require.NoError(t, err)
}

func TestIsDuration(t *testing.T) {
	tbl := []struct {
		Input  string
		expect bool
	}{
		{"110:00:00", true},
		{"aa:bb:cc", false},
		{"1 01:00:00", true},
		{"01:00:00.999999", true},
		{"071231235959.999999", false},
		{"20171231235959.999999", false},
		{"2017-01-01 01:01:01.11", false},
		{"07-12-31 23:59:59.999999", false},
		{"2007-12-31 23:59:59.999999", false},
	}
	for _, c := range tbl {
		result := isDuration(c.Input)
		require.Equal(t, c.expect, result)
	}
}

func TestAddTimeSig(t *testing.T) {
	ctx := createContext(t)
	tbl := []struct {
		Input         string
		InputDuration string
		expect        string
	}{
		{"01:00:00.999999", "02:00:00.999998", "03:00:01.999997"},
		{"110:00:00", "1 02:00:00", "136:00:00"},
		{"2017-01-01 01:01:01.11", "01:01:01.11111", "2017-01-01 02:02:02.221110"},
		{"2007-12-31 23:59:59.999999", "1 1:1:1.000002", "2008-01-02 01:01:01.000001"},
		{"2017-12-01 01:01:01.000001", "1 1:1:1.000002", "2017-12-02 02:02:02.000003"},
		{"2017-12-31 23:59:59", "00:00:01", "2018-01-01 00:00:00"},
		{"2017-12-31 23:59:59", "1", "2018-01-01 00:00:00"},
		{"2007-12-31 23:59:59.999999", "2 1:1:1.000002", "2008-01-03 01:01:01.000001"},
		{"2018-08-16 20:21:01", "00:00:00.000001", "2018-08-16 20:21:01.000001"},
		{"1", "xxcvadfgasd", ""},
		{"xxcvadfgasd", "1", ""},
		{"2020-05-13 14:01:24", "2020-04-29 05:11:19", ""},
	}
	fc := funcs[ast.AddTime]
	for _, c := range tbl {
		tmpInput := types.NewStringDatum(c.Input)
		tmpInputDuration := types.NewStringDatum(c.InputDuration)
		f, err := fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants([]types.Datum{tmpInput, tmpInputDuration}))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		d, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		result, _ := d.ToString()
		require.Equal(t, c.expect, result)
	}

	// This is a test for issue 7334
	du := newDateArithmeticalUtil()
	resetStmtContext(ctx)
	now, _, err := evalNowWithFsp(ctx, 0)
	require.NoError(t, err)
	res, _, err := du.add(ctx, now, "1", "MICROSECOND", 6)
	require.NoError(t, err)
	require.Equal(t, 6, res.Fsp())

	tbl = []struct {
		Input         string
		InputDuration string
		expect        string
	}{
		{"01:00:00.999999", "02:00:00.999998", "03:00:01.999997"},
		{"23:59:59", "00:00:01", "24:00:00"},
		{"235959", "00:00:01", "24:00:00"},
		{"110:00:00", "1 02:00:00", "136:00:00"},
		{"-110:00:00", "1 02:00:00", "-84:00:00"},
	}
	for _, c := range tbl {
		dur, _, err := types.ParseDuration(ctx.GetSessionVars().StmtCtx.TypeCtx(), c.Input, types.GetFsp(c.Input))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		tmpInput := types.NewDurationDatum(dur)
		tmpInputDuration := types.NewStringDatum(c.InputDuration)
		f, err := fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants([]types.Datum{tmpInput, tmpInputDuration}))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		d, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		result, _ := d.ToString()
		require.Equal(t, c.expect, result)
	}

	tbll := []struct {
		Input         int64
		InputDuration int64
		expect        string
	}{
		{20171010123456, 1, "2017-10-10 12:34:57"},
		{123456, 1, "12:34:57"},
	}
	for _, c := range tbll {
		tmpInput := types.NewIntDatum(c.Input)
		tmpInputDuration := types.NewIntDatum(c.InputDuration)
		f, err := fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants([]types.Datum{tmpInput, tmpInputDuration}))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		d, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		result, _ := d.ToString()
		require.Equal(t, c.expect, result)
	}

	tblWarning := []struct {
		Input         any
		InputDuration any
		warning       *terror.Error
	}{
		{"0", "-32073", types.ErrTruncatedWrongVal},
		{"-32073", "0", types.ErrTruncatedWrongVal},
		{types.ZeroDuration, "-32073", types.ErrTruncatedWrongVal},
		{"-32073", types.ZeroDuration, types.ErrTruncatedWrongVal},
		{types.CurrentTime(mysql.TypeTimestamp), "-32073", types.ErrTruncatedWrongVal},
		{types.CurrentTime(mysql.TypeDate), "-32073", types.ErrTruncatedWrongVal},
		{types.CurrentTime(mysql.TypeDatetime), "-32073", types.ErrTruncatedWrongVal},
		{"1", "xxcvadfgasd", types.ErrTruncatedWrongVal},
		{"xxcvadfgasd", "1", types.ErrTruncatedWrongVal},
	}
	beforeWarnCnt := int(ctx.GetSessionVars().StmtCtx.WarningCount())
	for i, c := range tblWarning {
		tmpInput := types.NewDatum(c.Input)
		tmpInputDuration := types.NewDatum(c.InputDuration)
		f, err := fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants([]types.Datum{tmpInput, tmpInputDuration}))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		d, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		result, _ := d.ToString()
		require.Equal(t, "", result)
		require.Equal(t, true, d.IsNull())
		warnings := ctx.GetSessionVars().StmtCtx.GetWarnings()
		require.Equal(t, i+1+beforeWarnCnt, len(warnings))
		require.Truef(t, terror.ErrorEqual(c.warning, warnings[i].Err), "err %v", warnings[i].Err)
	}
}

func TestSubTimeSig(t *testing.T) {
	ctx := createContext(t)
	tbl := []struct {
		Input         string
		InputDuration string
		expect        string
	}{
		{"01:00:00.999999", "02:00:00.999998", "-00:59:59.999999"},
		{"110:00:00", "1 02:00:00", "84:00:00"},
		{"2017-01-01 01:01:01.11", "01:01:01.11111", "2016-12-31 23:59:59.998890"},
		{"2007-12-31 23:59:59.999999", "1 1:1:1.000002", "2007-12-30 22:58:58.999997"},
		{"1000-01-01 01:00:00.000000", "00:00:00.000001", "1000-01-01 00:59:59.999999"},
		{"1000-01-01 01:00:00.000001", "00:00:00.000001", "1000-01-01 01:00:00"},
		{"1", "xxcvadfgasd", ""},
		{"xxcvadfgasd", "1", ""},
	}
	fc := funcs[ast.SubTime]
	for _, c := range tbl {
		tmpInput := types.NewStringDatum(c.Input)
		tmpInputDuration := types.NewStringDatum(c.InputDuration)
		f, err := fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants([]types.Datum{tmpInput, tmpInputDuration}))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		d, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		result, _ := d.ToString()
		require.Equal(t, c.expect, result)
	}

	tbl = []struct {
		Input         string
		InputDuration string
		expect        string
	}{
		{"03:00:00.999999", "02:00:00.999998", "01:00:00.000001"},
		{"23:59:59", "00:00:01", "23:59:58"},
		{"235959", "00:00:01", "23:59:58"},
	}
	for _, c := range tbl {
		dur, _, err := types.ParseDuration(ctx.GetSessionVars().StmtCtx.TypeCtx(), c.Input, types.GetFsp(c.Input))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		tmpInput := types.NewDurationDatum(dur)
		tmpInputDuration := types.NewStringDatum(c.InputDuration)
		f, err := fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants([]types.Datum{tmpInput, tmpInputDuration}))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		d, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		result, _ := d.ToString()
		require.Equal(t, c.expect, result)
	}
	tbll := []struct {
		Input         int64
		InputDuration int64
		expect        string
	}{
		{20171010123456, 1, "2017-10-10 12:34:55"},
		{123456, 1, "12:34:55"},
	}
	for _, c := range tbll {
		tmpInput := types.NewIntDatum(c.Input)
		tmpInputDuration := types.NewIntDatum(c.InputDuration)
		f, err := fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants([]types.Datum{tmpInput, tmpInputDuration}))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		d, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		result, _ := d.ToString()
		require.Equal(t, c.expect, result)
	}

	tblWarning := []struct {
		Input         any
		InputDuration any
		warning       *terror.Error
	}{
		{"0", "-32073", types.ErrTruncatedWrongVal},
		{"-32073", "0", types.ErrTruncatedWrongVal},
		{types.ZeroDuration, "-32073", types.ErrTruncatedWrongVal},
		{"-32073", types.ZeroDuration, types.ErrTruncatedWrongVal},
		{types.CurrentTime(mysql.TypeTimestamp), "-32073", types.ErrTruncatedWrongVal},
		{types.CurrentTime(mysql.TypeDate), "-32073", types.ErrTruncatedWrongVal},
		{types.CurrentTime(mysql.TypeDatetime), "-32073", types.ErrTruncatedWrongVal},
		{"1", "xxcvadfgasd", types.ErrTruncatedWrongVal},
		{"xxcvadfgasd", "1", types.ErrTruncatedWrongVal},
	}
	beforeWarnCnt := int(ctx.GetSessionVars().StmtCtx.WarningCount())
	for i, c := range tblWarning {
		tmpInput := types.NewDatum(c.Input)
		tmpInputDuration := types.NewDatum(c.InputDuration)
		f, err := fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants([]types.Datum{tmpInput, tmpInputDuration}))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		d, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		result, _ := d.ToString()
		require.Equal(t, "", result)
		require.Equal(t, true, d.IsNull())
		warnings := ctx.GetSessionVars().StmtCtx.GetWarnings()
		require.Equal(t, i+1+beforeWarnCnt, len(warnings))
		require.Truef(t, terror.ErrorEqual(c.warning, warnings[i].Err), "err %v", warnings[i].Err)
	}
}

func TestSysDate(t *testing.T) {
	fc := funcs[ast.Sysdate]
	ctx := mock.NewContext()
	ctx.ResetSessionAndStmtTimeZone(timeutil.SystemLocation())
	timezones := []string{"1234", "0"}
	for _, timezone := range timezones {
		// sysdate() result is not affected by "timestamp" session variable.
		err := ctx.GetSessionVars().SetSystemVar("timestamp", timezone)
		require.NoError(t, err)
		f, err := fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(nil))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		resetStmtContext(ctx)
		v, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		last := time.Now()
		require.NoError(t, err)
		n := v.GetMysqlTime()
		require.GreaterOrEqual(t, n.String(), last.Format(types.TimeFormat))

		baseFunc, _, input, output := genVecBuiltinFuncBenchCase(ctx, ast.Sysdate, vecExprBenchCase{retEvalType: types.ETDatetime})
		resetStmtContext(ctx)
		err = baseFunc.vecEvalTime(ctx, input, output)
		require.NoError(t, err)
		last = time.Now()
		times := output.Times()
		for i := 0; i < 1024; i++ {
			require.GreaterOrEqual(t, times[i].String(), last.Format(types.TimeFormat))
		}

		baseFunc, _, input, output = genVecBuiltinFuncBenchCase(ctx, ast.Sysdate,
			vecExprBenchCase{
				retEvalType:   types.ETDatetime,
				childrenTypes: []types.EvalType{types.ETInt},
				geners:        []dataGenerator{newRangeInt64Gener(0, 7)},
			})
		resetStmtContext(ctx)
		loc := location(ctx)
		startTm := time.Now().In(loc)
		err = baseFunc.vecEvalTime(ctx, input, output)
		require.NoError(t, err)
		for i := 0; i < 1024; i++ {
			require.GreaterOrEqual(t, times[i].String(), startTm.Format(types.TimeFormat))
		}
	}

	last := time.Now()
	f, err := fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(types.MakeDatums(6)))
	require.NoError(t, err)
	resetStmtContext(ctx)
	v, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
	require.NoError(t, err)
	n := v.GetMysqlTime()
	require.GreaterOrEqual(t, n.String(), last.Format(types.TimeFormat))

	_, err = fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(types.MakeDatums(-2)))
	require.Error(t, err)
}

func convertToTimeWithFsp(tc types.Context, arg types.Datum, tp byte, fsp int) (d types.Datum, err error) {
	if fsp > types.MaxFsp {
		fsp = types.MaxFsp
	}

	f := types.NewFieldType(tp)
	f.SetDecimal(fsp)

	d, err = arg.ConvertTo(tc, f)
	if err != nil {
		d.SetNull()
		return d, err
	}

	if d.IsNull() {
		return
	}

	if d.Kind() != types.KindMysqlTime {
		d.SetNull()
		return d, errors.Errorf("need time type, but got %T", d.GetValue())
	}
	return
}

func convertToTime(tc types.Context, arg types.Datum, tp byte) (d types.Datum, err error) {
	return convertToTimeWithFsp(tc, arg, tp, types.MaxFsp)
}

func builtinDateFormat(tc types.Context, args []types.Datum) (d types.Datum, err error) {
	date, err := convertToTime(tc, args[0], mysql.TypeDatetime)
	if err != nil {
		return d, err
	}

	if date.IsNull() {
		return
	}
	t := date.GetMysqlTime()
	str, err := t.DateFormat(args[1].GetString())
	if err != nil {
		return d, err
	}
	d.SetString(str, mysql.DefaultCollationName)
	return
}

func TestFromUnixTime(t *testing.T) {
	ctx := createContext(t)
	tbl := []struct {
		isDecimal    bool
		integralPart int64
		decimal      float64
		format       string
		expect       string
	}{
		{false, 1451606400, 0, "", "2016-01-01 00:00:00"},
		{true, 1451606400, 1451606400.123456, "", "2016-01-01 00:00:00.123456"},
		{true, 1451606400, 1451606400.999999, "", "2016-01-01 00:00:00.999999"},
		{true, 1451606400, 1451606400.9999999, "", "2016-01-01 00:00:01.000000"},
		{false, 1451606400, 0, `%Y %D %M %h:%i:%s %x`, "2016-01-01 00:00:00"},
		{true, 1451606400, 1451606400.123456, `%Y %D %M %h:%i:%s %x`, "2016-01-01 00:00:00.123456"},
		{true, 1451606400, 1451606400.999999, `%Y %D %M %h:%i:%s %x`, "2016-01-01 00:00:00.999999"},
		{true, 1451606400, 1451606400.9999999, `%Y %D %M %h:%i:%s %x`, "2016-01-01 00:00:01.000000"},

		// TestIssue22206
		{false, 5000000000, 0, "", "2128-06-11 08:53:20"},
		{true, 32536771199, 32536771199.99999, "", "3001-01-18 23:59:59.999990"},
	}
	ctx.ResetSessionAndStmtTimeZone(time.UTC)
	fc := funcs[ast.FromUnixTime]
	for _, c := range tbl {
		var timestamp types.Datum
		if !c.isDecimal {
			timestamp.SetInt64(c.integralPart)
		} else {
			timestamp.SetFloat64(c.decimal)
		}
		// result of from_unixtime() is dependent on specific time zone.
		if len(c.format) == 0 {
			constants := datumsToConstants([]types.Datum{timestamp})
			if !c.isDecimal {
				constants[0].GetType().SetDecimal(0)
			}

			f, err := fc.getFunction(ctx, constants)
			require.NoError(t, err)

			v, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
			require.NoError(t, err)
			ans := v.GetMysqlTime()
			require.Equalf(t, c.expect, ans.String(), "%+v", t)
		} else {
			format := types.NewStringDatum(c.format)
			constants := datumsToConstants([]types.Datum{timestamp, format})
			if !c.isDecimal {
				constants[0].GetType().SetDecimal(0)
			}
			f, err := fc.getFunction(ctx, constants)
			require.NoError(t, err)
			v, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
			require.NoError(t, err)
			result, err := builtinDateFormat(ctx.GetSessionVars().StmtCtx.TypeCtx(), []types.Datum{types.NewStringDatum(c.expect), format})
			require.NoError(t, err)
			require.Equalf(t, result.GetString(), v.GetString(), "%+v", t)
		}
	}

	f, err := fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(types.MakeDatums(-12345)))
	require.NoError(t, err)
	v, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
	require.NoError(t, err)
	require.Equal(t, types.KindNull, v.Kind())

	// TestIssue22206
	f, err = fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(types.MakeDatums(32536771200)))
	require.NoError(t, err)
	v, err = evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
	require.NoError(t, err)
	require.Equal(t, types.KindNull, v.Kind())
}

func TestCurrentDate(t *testing.T) {
	ctx := createContext(t)
	last := time.Now()
	fc := funcs[ast.CurrentDate]
	f, err := fc.getFunction(mock.NewContext(), datumsToConstants(nil))
	require.NoError(t, err)
	resetStmtContext(ctx)
	v, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
	require.NoError(t, err)
	n := v.GetMysqlTime()
	require.GreaterOrEqual(t, n.String(), last.Format(types.DateFormat))
}

func TestCurrentTime(t *testing.T) {
	ctx := createContext(t)
	tfStr := time.TimeOnly

	last := time.Now().In(ctx.GetSessionVars().Location())
	fc := funcs[ast.CurrentTime]
	f, err := fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(types.MakeDatums(nil)))
	require.NoError(t, err)
	resetStmtContext(ctx)
	v, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
	require.NoError(t, err)
	n := v.GetMysqlDuration()
	require.Len(t, n.String(), 8)
	require.GreaterOrEqual(t, n.String(), last.Format(tfStr))

	f, err = fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(types.MakeDatums(3)))
	require.NoError(t, err)
	resetStmtContext(ctx)
	v, err = evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
	require.NoError(t, err)
	n = v.GetMysqlDuration()
	require.Len(t, n.String(), 12)
	require.GreaterOrEqual(t, n.String(), last.Format(tfStr))

	f, err = fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(types.MakeDatums(6)))
	require.NoError(t, err)
	resetStmtContext(ctx)
	v, err = evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
	require.NoError(t, err)
	n = v.GetMysqlDuration()
	require.Len(t, n.String(), 15)
	require.GreaterOrEqual(t, n.String(), last.Format(tfStr))

	_, err = fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(types.MakeDatums(-1)))
	require.Error(t, err)

	_, err = fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(types.MakeDatums(7)))
	require.Error(t, err)
}

func TestUTCTime(t *testing.T) {
	ctx := createContext(t)
	last := time.Now().UTC()
	tfStr := "00:00:00"
	fc := funcs[ast.UTCTime]

	tests := []struct {
		param  any
		expect int
		error  bool
	}{{0, 8, false}, {3, 12, false}, {6, 15, false}, {-1, 0, true}, {7, 0, true}}

	for _, test := range tests {
		f, err := fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(types.MakeDatums(test.param)))
		if test.error {
			require.Error(t, err)
			continue
		}
		require.NoError(t, err)
		resetStmtContext(ctx)
		v, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		if test.expect > 0 {
			require.NoError(t, err)
			n := v.GetMysqlDuration()
			require.Len(t, n.String(), test.expect)
			require.GreaterOrEqual(t, n.String(), last.Format(tfStr))
		} else {
			require.Error(t, err)
		}
	}

	f, err := fc.getFunction(ctx, make([]Expression, 0))
	require.NoError(t, err)
	resetStmtContext(ctx)
	v, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
	require.NoError(t, err)
	n := v.GetMysqlDuration()
	require.Len(t, n.String(), 8)
	require.GreaterOrEqual(t, n.String(), last.Format(tfStr))
}

func TestUTCDate(t *testing.T) {
	last := time.Now().UTC()
	fc := funcs[ast.UTCDate]
	f, err := fc.getFunction(mock.NewContext(), datumsToConstants(nil))
	require.NoError(t, err)
	ctx := mock.NewContext()
	resetStmtContext(ctx)
	v, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
	require.NoError(t, err)
	n := v.GetMysqlTime()
	require.GreaterOrEqual(t, n.String(), last.Format(types.DateFormat))
}

func TestStrToDate(t *testing.T) {
	ctx := createContext(t)
	// If you want to add test cases for `strToDate` but not the builtin function,
	// adding cases in `types.format_test.go` `TestStrToDate` maybe more clear and easier
	tests := []struct {
		Date    string
		Format  string
		Success bool
		Kind    byte
		Expect  time.Time
	}{
		{"10/28/2011 9:46:29 pm", "%m/%d/%Y %l:%i:%s %p", true, types.KindMysqlTime, time.Date(2011, 10, 28, 21, 46, 29, 0, time.Local)},
		{"10/28/2011 9:46:29 Pm", "%m/%d/%Y %l:%i:%s %p", true, types.KindMysqlTime, time.Date(2011, 10, 28, 21, 46, 29, 0, time.Local)},
		{"2011/10/28 9:46:29 am", "%Y/%m/%d %l:%i:%s %p", true, types.KindMysqlTime, time.Date(2011, 10, 28, 9, 46, 29, 0, time.Local)},
		{"20161122165022", `%Y%m%d%H%i%s`, true, types.KindMysqlTime, time.Date(2016, 11, 22, 16, 50, 22, 0, time.Local)},
		{"2016 11 22 16 50 22", `%Y%m%d%H%i%s`, true, types.KindMysqlTime, time.Date(2016, 11, 22, 16, 50, 22, 0, time.Local)},
		{"16-50-22 2016 11 22", `%H-%i-%s%Y%m%d`, true, types.KindMysqlTime, time.Date(2016, 11, 22, 16, 50, 22, 0, time.Local)},
		{"16-50 2016 11 22", `%H-%i-%s%Y%m%d`, false, types.KindMysqlTime, time.Time{}},
		{"15-01-2001 1:59:58.999", "%d-%m-%Y %I:%i:%s.%f", true, types.KindMysqlTime, time.Date(2001, 1, 15, 1, 59, 58, 999000000, time.Local)},
		{"15-01-2001 1:59:58.1", "%d-%m-%Y %H:%i:%s.%f", true, types.KindMysqlTime, time.Date(2001, 1, 15, 1, 59, 58, 100000000, time.Local)},
		{"15-01-2001 1:59:58.", "%d-%m-%Y %H:%i:%s.%f", true, types.KindMysqlTime, time.Date(2001, 1, 15, 1, 59, 58, 000000000, time.Local)},
		{"15-01-2001 1:9:8.999", "%d-%m-%Y %H:%i:%s.%f", true, types.KindMysqlTime, time.Date(2001, 1, 15, 1, 9, 8, 999000000, time.Local)},
		{"15-01-2001 1:9:8.999", "%d-%m-%Y %H:%i:%S.%f", true, types.KindMysqlTime, time.Date(2001, 1, 15, 1, 9, 8, 999000000, time.Local)},
		{"2003-01-02 10:11:12.0012", "%Y-%m-%d %H:%i:%S.%f", true, types.KindMysqlTime, time.Date(2003, 1, 2, 10, 11, 12, 1200000, time.Local)},
		{"2003-01-02 10:11:12 PM", "%Y-%m-%d %H:%i:%S %p", false, types.KindMysqlTime, time.Time{}},
		{"10:20:10AM", "%H:%i:%S%p", false, types.KindMysqlTime, time.Time{}},
		// test %@(skip alpha), %#(skip number), %.(skip punct)
		{"2020-10-10ABCD", "%Y-%m-%d%@", true, types.KindMysqlTime, time.Date(2020, 10, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, time.Local)},
		{"2020-10-101234", "%Y-%m-%d%#", true, types.KindMysqlTime, time.Date(2020, 10, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, time.Local)},
		{"2020-10-10....", "%Y-%m-%d%.", true, types.KindMysqlTime, time.Date(2020, 10, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, time.Local)},
		{"2020-10-10.1", "%Y-%m-%d%.%#%@", true, types.KindMysqlTime, time.Date(2020, 10, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, time.Local)},
		{"abcd2020-10-10.1", "%@%Y-%m-%d%.%#%@", true, types.KindMysqlTime, time.Date(2020, 10, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, time.Local)},
		{"abcd-2020-10-10.1", "%@-%Y-%m-%d%.%#%@", true, types.KindMysqlTime, time.Date(2020, 10, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, time.Local)},
		{"2020-10-10", "%Y-%m-%d%@", true, types.KindMysqlTime, time.Date(2020, 10, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, time.Local)},
		{"2020-10-10abcde123abcdef", "%Y-%m-%d%@%#", true, types.KindMysqlTime, time.Date(2020, 10, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, time.Local)},
		// some input for '%r'
		{"12:3:56pm  13/05/2019", "%r %d/%c/%Y", true, types.KindMysqlTime, time.Date(2019, 5, 13, 12, 3, 56, 0, time.Local)},
		{"11:13:56 am", "%r", true, types.KindMysqlDuration, time.Date(0, 0, 0, 11, 13, 56, 0, time.Local)},
		// some input for '%T'
		{"12:13:56 13/05/2019", "%T %d/%c/%Y", true, types.KindMysqlTime, time.Date(2019, 5, 13, 12, 13, 56, 0, time.Local)},
		{"19:3:56  13/05/2019", "%T %d/%c/%Y", true, types.KindMysqlTime, time.Date(2019, 5, 13, 19, 3, 56, 0, time.Local)},
		{"21:13:24", "%T", true, types.KindMysqlDuration, time.Date(0, 0, 0, 21, 13, 24, 0, time.Local)},
	}

	fc := funcs[ast.StrToDate]
	for _, test := range tests {
		date := types.NewStringDatum(test.Date)
		format := types.NewStringDatum(test.Format)
		t.Logf("input: %s, format: %s", test.Date, test.Format)
		f, err := fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants([]types.Datum{date, format}))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		result, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		if !test.Success {
			require.NoError(t, err)
			require.True(t, result.IsNull())
			continue
		}
		require.Equal(t, test.Kind, result.Kind())
		switch test.Kind {
		case types.KindMysqlTime:
			value := result.GetMysqlTime()
			t1, _ := value.GoTime(time.Local)
			require.Equal(t, test.Expect, t1)
		case types.KindMysqlDuration:
			value := result.GetMysqlDuration()
			timeExpect := test.Expect.Sub(time.Date(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, time.Local))
			require.Equal(t, timeExpect, value.Duration)
		}
	}
}

func TestFromDays(t *testing.T) {
	ctx := createContext(t)
	stmtCtx := ctx.GetSessionVars().StmtCtx
	oldTypeFlags := stmtCtx.TypeFlags()
	defer func() {
		stmtCtx.SetTypeFlags(oldTypeFlags)
	}()
	stmtCtx.SetTypeFlags(oldTypeFlags.WithIgnoreTruncateErr(true))
	tests := []struct {
		day    int64
		expect string
		isNil  bool
	}{
		{-140, "0000-00-00", false},   // mysql FROM_DAYS returns 0000-00-00 for any day <= 365.
		{140, "0000-00-00", false},    // mysql FROM_DAYS returns 0000-00-00 for any day <= 365.
		{735000, "2012-05-12", false}, // Leap year.
		{735030, "2012-06-11", false},
		{735130, "2012-09-19", false},
		{734909, "2012-02-11", false},
		{734878, "2012-01-11", false},
		{734927, "2012-02-29", false},
		{734634, "2011-05-12", false}, // Non Leap year.
		{734664, "2011-06-11", false},
		{734764, "2011-09-19", false},
		{734544, "2011-02-11", false},
		{734513, "2011-01-11", false},
		{3652424, "9999-12-31", false},
		{3652425, "", true},
	}

	fc := funcs[ast.FromDays]
	for _, test := range tests {
		t1 := types.NewIntDatum(test.day)

		f, err := fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants([]types.Datum{t1}))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		require.NotNil(t, f)
		result, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})

		require.NoError(t, err)
		if test.isNil {
			require.True(t, result.IsNull())
		} else {
			require.Equal(t, test.expect, result.GetMysqlTime().String())
		}
	}

	stringTests := []struct {
		day    string
		expect string
	}{
		{"z550z", "0000-00-00"},
		{"6500z", "0017-10-18"},
		{"440", "0001-03-16"},
	}

	for _, test := range stringTests {
		t1 := types.NewStringDatum(test.day)

		f, err := fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants([]types.Datum{t1}))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		result, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})

		require.NoError(t, err)
		require.Equal(t, test.expect, result.GetMysqlTime().String())
	}
}

func TestDateDiff(t *testing.T) {
	ctx := createContext(t)
	// Test cases from https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/date-and-time-functions.html#function_datediff
	tests := []struct {
		t1     string
		t2     string
		expect int64
	}{
		{"2004-05-21", "2004:01:02", 140},
		{"2004-04-21", "2000:01:02", 1571},
		{"2008-12-31 23:59:59.000001", "2008-12-30 01:01:01.000002", 1},
		{"1010-11-30 23:59:59", "2010-12-31", -365274},
		{"1010-11-30", "2210-11-01", -438262},
	}

	fc := funcs[ast.DateDiff]
	for _, test := range tests {
		t1 := types.NewStringDatum(test.t1)
		t2 := types.NewStringDatum(test.t2)

		f, err := fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants([]types.Datum{t1, t2}))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		result, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})

		require.NoError(t, err)
		require.Equal(t, test.expect, result.GetInt64())
	}

	// Test invalid time format.
	tests2 := []struct {
		t1 string
		t2 string
	}{
		{"2004-05-21", "abcdefg"},
		{"2007-12-31 23:59:59", "23:59:59"},
		{"2007-00-31 23:59:59", "2016-01-13"},
		{"2007-10-31 23:59:59", "2016-01-00"},
		{"2007-10-31 23:59:59", "99999999-01-00"},
	}

	fc = funcs[ast.DateDiff]
	for _, test := range tests2 {
		t1 := types.NewStringDatum(test.t1)
		t2 := types.NewStringDatum(test.t2)

		f, err := fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants([]types.Datum{t1, t2}))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		d, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		require.True(t, d.IsNull())
	}
}

func TestTimeDiff(t *testing.T) {
	ctx := createContext(t)
	sc := ctx.GetSessionVars().StmtCtx
	sc.SetTypeFlags(sc.TypeFlags().WithIgnoreZeroInDate(true))
	// Test cases from https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/date-and-time-functions.html#function_timediff
	tests := []struct {
		args       []any
		expectStr  string
		isNil      bool
		fsp        int
		flen       int
		getWarning bool
	}{
		{[]any{"2000:01:01 00:00:00", "2000:01:01 00:00:00.000001"}, "-00:00:00.000001", false, 6, 17, false},
		{[]any{"2008-12-31 23:59:59.000001", "2008-12-30 01:01:01.000002"}, "46:58:57.999999", false, 6, 17, false},
		{[]any{"2016-12-00 12:00:00", "2016-12-01 12:00:00"}, "-24:00:00", false, 0, 10, false},
		{[]any{"10:10:10", "10:9:0"}, "00:01:10", false, 0, 10, false},
		{[]any{"2016-12-00 12:00:00", "10:9:0"}, "", true, 0, 10, false},
		{[]any{"2016-12-00 12:00:00", ""}, "", true, 0, 10, true},
		{[]any{"00:00:00.000000", "00:00:00.000001"}, "-00:00:00.000001", false, 6, 17, false},
	}

	for _, c := range tests {
		preWarningCnt := ctx.GetSessionVars().StmtCtx.WarningCount()
		f, err := newFunctionForTest(ctx, ast.TimeDiff, primitiveValsToConstants(ctx, c.args)...)
		require.NoError(t, err)
		tp := f.GetType()
		require.Equal(t, mysql.TypeDuration, tp.GetType())
		require.Equal(t, charset.CharsetBin, tp.GetCharset())
		require.Equal(t, charset.CollationBin, tp.GetCollate())
		require.Equal(t, mysql.BinaryFlag, tp.GetFlag())
		require.Equal(t, c.flen, tp.GetFlen())
		d, err := f.Eval(ctx, chunk.Row{})
		if c.getWarning {
			require.NoError(t, err)
			require.Equal(t, preWarningCnt+1, ctx.GetSessionVars().StmtCtx.WarningCount())
		} else {
			require.NoError(t, err)
			if c.isNil {
				require.Equal(t, types.KindNull, d.Kind())
			} else {
				require.Equal(t, c.expectStr, d.GetMysqlDuration().String())
				require.Equal(t, c.fsp, d.GetMysqlDuration().Fsp)
			}
		}
	}
	_, err := funcs[ast.TimeDiff].getFunction(ctx, []Expression{NewZero(), NewZero()})
	require.NoError(t, err)
}

func TestWeek(t *testing.T) {
	ctx := createContext(t)
	// Test cases from https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/date-and-time-functions.html#function_week
	tests := []struct {
		t      string
		mode   int64
		expect int64
	}{
		{"2008-02-20", 0, 7},
		{"2008-02-20", 1, 8},
		{"2008-12-31", 1, 53},
	}
	fc := funcs[ast.Week]
	for _, test := range tests {
		arg1 := types.NewStringDatum(test.t)
		arg2 := types.NewIntDatum(test.mode)
		f, err := fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants([]types.Datum{arg1, arg2}))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		result, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		require.Equal(t, test.expect, result.GetInt64())
	}
}

func TestWeekWithoutModeSig(t *testing.T) {
	ctx := createContext(t)
	tests := []struct {
		t      string
		expect int64
	}{
		{"2008-02-20", 7},
		{"2000-12-31", 53},
		{"2000-12-31", 1}, // set default week mode
		{"2005-12-3", 48}, // set default week mode
		{"2008-02-20", 7},
	}

	fc := funcs[ast.Week]
	for i, test := range tests {
		arg1 := types.NewStringDatum(test.t)
		f, err := fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants([]types.Datum{arg1}))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		result, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		require.Equal(t, test.expect, result.GetInt64())
		if i == 1 {
			err = ctx.GetSessionVars().SetSystemVar("default_week_format", "6")
			require.NoError(t, err)
		} else if i == 3 {
			err = ctx.GetSessionVars().SetSystemVarWithoutValidation("default_week_format", "")
			require.NoError(t, err)
		}
	}
}
func TestYearWeek(t *testing.T) {
	ctx := createContext(t)
	sc := ctx.GetSessionVars().StmtCtx
	sc.SetTypeFlags(sc.TypeFlags().WithIgnoreZeroInDate(true))
	// Test cases from https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/date-and-time-functions.html#function_yearweek
	tests := []struct {
		t      string
		mode   int64
		expect int64
	}{
		{"1987-01-01", 0, 198652},
		{"2000-01-01", 0, 199952},
	}
	fc := funcs[ast.YearWeek]
	for _, test := range tests {
		arg1 := types.NewStringDatum(test.t)
		arg2 := types.NewIntDatum(test.mode)
		f, err := fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants([]types.Datum{arg1, arg2}))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		result, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		require.Equal(t, test.expect, result.GetInt64())
	}

	f, err := fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(types.MakeDatums("2016-00-05")))
	require.NoError(t, err)
	result, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
	require.NoError(t, err)
	require.True(t, result.IsNull())
}

func TestTimestampDiff(t *testing.T) {
	ctx := createContext(t)
	tests := []struct {
		unit   string
		t1     string
		t2     string
		isNull bool
		expect int64
	}{
		{"MONTH", "2003-02-01", "2003-05-01", false, 3},
		{"YEAR", "2002-05-01", "2001-01-01", false, -1},
		{"MINUTE", "2003-02-01", "2003-05-01 12:05:55", false, 128885},
		{"MONTH", "2003-00-01", "2003-05-01", true, 0},
		{"MONTH", "2003-02-01", "2003-05-00", true, 0},
	}

	fc := funcs[ast.TimestampDiff]
	for _, test := range tests {
		args := []types.Datum{
			types.NewStringDatum(test.unit),
			types.NewStringDatum(test.t1),
			types.NewStringDatum(test.t2),
		}
		resetStmtContext(ctx)
		f, err := fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(args))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		d, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		if test.isNull {
			require.True(t, d.IsNull())
		} else {
			require.Equal(t, test.expect, d.GetInt64())
		}
	}

	sc := ctx.GetSessionVars().StmtCtx
	sc.SetTypeFlags(sc.TypeFlags().WithIgnoreTruncateErr(true).WithIgnoreZeroInDate(true))
	resetStmtContext(ctx)
	f, err := fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants([]types.Datum{types.NewStringDatum("DAY"),
		types.NewStringDatum("2017-01-00"),
		types.NewStringDatum("2017-01-01")}))
	require.NoError(t, err)
	d, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
	require.NoError(t, err)
	require.Equal(t, types.KindNull, d.Kind())

	resetStmtContext(ctx)
	f, err = fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants([]types.Datum{types.NewStringDatum("DAY"),
		{}, types.NewStringDatum("2017-01-01")}))
	require.NoError(t, err)
	d, err = evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
	require.NoError(t, err)
	require.True(t, d.IsNull())
}

func TestUnixTimestamp(t *testing.T) {
	ctx := createContext(t)
	// Test UNIX_TIMESTAMP().
	fc := funcs[ast.UnixTimestamp]
	f, err := fc.getFunction(ctx, nil)
	require.NoError(t, err)
	resetStmtContext(ctx)
	d, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
	require.NoError(t, err)
	require.GreaterOrEqual(t, d.GetInt64()-time.Now().Unix(), int64(-1))
	require.LessOrEqual(t, d.GetInt64()-time.Now().Unix(), int64(1))

	// https://github.com/pingcap/tidb/issues/2496
	// Test UNIX_TIMESTAMP(NOW()).
	resetStmtContext(ctx)
	now, isNull, err := evalNowWithFsp(ctx, 0)
	require.NoError(t, err)
	require.False(t, isNull)
	n := types.Datum{}
	n.SetMysqlTime(now)
	args := []types.Datum{n}
	f, err = fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(args))
	require.NoError(t, err)
	resetStmtContext(ctx)
	d, err = evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
	require.NoError(t, err)
	val, _ := d.GetMysqlDecimal().ToInt()
	require.GreaterOrEqual(t, val-time.Now().Unix(), int64(-1))
	require.LessOrEqual(t, val-time.Now().Unix(), int64(1))

	// https://github.com/pingcap/tidb/issues/2852
	// Test UNIX_TIMESTAMP(NULL).
	args = []types.Datum{types.NewDatum(nil)}
	resetStmtContext(ctx)
	f, err = fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(args))
	require.NoError(t, err)
	d, err = evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
	require.NoError(t, err)
	require.Equal(t, true, d.IsNull())

	// Set the time_zone variable, because UnixTimestamp() result depends on it.
	ctx.ResetSessionAndStmtTimeZone(time.UTC)
	ctx.GetSessionVars().StmtCtx.SetTypeFlags(ctx.GetSessionVars().StmtCtx.TypeFlags().WithIgnoreZeroInDate(true))
	tests := []struct {
		inputDecimal int
		input        types.Datum
		expectKind   byte
		expect       string
	}{
		{0, types.NewIntDatum(151113), types.KindInt64, "1447372800"}, // YYMMDD
		// TODO: Uncomment the line below after fixing #4232
		// {5, types.NewFloat64Datum(151113.12345), types.KindMysqlDecimal, "1447372800.00000"},                                           // YYMMDD
		{0, types.NewIntDatum(20151113), types.KindInt64, "1447372800"}, // YYYYMMDD
		// TODO: Uncomment the line below after fixing #4232
		// {5, types.NewFloat64Datum(20151113.12345), types.KindMysqlDecimal, "1447372800.00000"},                                         // YYYYMMDD
		{0, types.NewIntDatum(151113102019), types.KindInt64, "1447410019"},                                                            // YYMMDDHHMMSS
		{0, types.NewFloat64Datum(151113102019), types.KindInt64, "1447410019"},                                                        // YYMMDDHHMMSS
		{2, types.NewFloat64Datum(151113102019.12), types.KindMysqlDecimal, "1447410019.12"},                                           // YYMMDDHHMMSS
		{0, types.NewDecimalDatum(types.NewDecFromStringForTest("151113102019")), types.KindInt64, "1447410019"},                       // YYMMDDHHMMSS
		{2, types.NewDecimalDatum(types.NewDecFromStringForTest("151113102019.12")), types.KindMysqlDecimal, "1447410019.12"},          // YYMMDDHHMMSS
		{7, types.NewDecimalDatum(types.NewDecFromStringForTest("151113102019.1234567")), types.KindMysqlDecimal, "1447410019.123457"}, // YYMMDDHHMMSS
		{0, types.NewIntDatum(20151113102019), types.KindInt64, "1447410019"},                                                          // YYYYMMDDHHMMSS
		{0, types.NewStringDatum("2015-11-13 10:20:19"), types.KindInt64, "1447410019"},
		{0, types.NewStringDatum("2015-11-13 10:20:19.012"), types.KindMysqlDecimal, "1447410019.012"},
		{0, types.NewStringDatum("1970-01-01 00:00:00"), types.KindInt64, "0"},                                // Min timestamp
		{0, types.NewStringDatum("3001-01-18 23:59:59.999999"), types.KindMysqlDecimal, "32536771199.999999"}, // Max timestamp
		{0, types.NewStringDatum("2017-00-02"), types.KindInt64, "0"},                                         // Invalid date
		{0, types.NewStringDatum("1969-12-31 23:59:59.999999"), types.KindMysqlDecimal, "0"},                  // Invalid timestamp
		{0, types.NewStringDatum("3001-01-19 00:00:00.000000"), types.KindMysqlDecimal, "0"},                  // Invalid timestamp
		// Below tests irregular inputs.
		// {0, types.NewIntDatum(0), types.KindInt64, "0"},
		// {0, types.NewIntDatum(-1), types.KindInt64, "0"},
		// {0, types.NewIntDatum(12345), types.KindInt64, "0"},
	}

	for _, test := range tests {
		expr := datumsToConstants([]types.Datum{test.input})
		expr[0].GetType().SetDecimal(test.inputDecimal)
		resetStmtContext(ctx)
		f, err := fc.getFunction(ctx, expr)
		require.NoErrorf(t, err, "%+v", test)
		d, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoErrorf(t, err, "%+v", test)
		require.Equalf(t, test.expectKind, d.Kind(), "%+v", test)
		str, err := d.ToString()
		require.NoErrorf(t, err, "%+v", test)
		require.Equalf(t, test.expect, str, "%+v", test)
	}
}

func TestDateArithFuncs(t *testing.T) {
	ctx := createContext(t)
	date := []string{"2016-12-31", "2017-01-01"}
	fcAdd := funcs[ast.DateAdd]
	fcSub := funcs[ast.DateSub]

	tests := []struct {
		inputDate    string
		fc           functionClass
		inputDecimal any
		expect       string
	}{
		{date[0], fcAdd, 1, date[1]},
		{date[1], fcAdd, -1, date[0]},
		{date[1], fcAdd, -0.5, date[0]},
		{date[1], fcAdd, -1.4, date[0]},
		{"1998-10-00", fcAdd, 1, ""},
		{"2004-00-01", fcAdd, 1, ""},
		{"20111111", fcAdd, "-123", "2011-07-11"},

		{date[1], fcSub, 1, date[0]},
		{date[0], fcSub, -1, date[1]},
		{date[0], fcSub, -0.5, date[1]},
		{date[0], fcSub, -1.4, date[1]},
		{"1998-10-00", fcSub, 31, ""},
		{"2004-00-01", fcSub, 31, ""},
		{"20111111", fcSub, "-123", "2012-03-13"},
	}
	for _, test := range tests {
		args := types.MakeDatums(test.inputDate, test.inputDecimal, "DAY")
		f, err := test.fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(args))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		require.NotNil(t, f)
		v, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		s, _ := v.ToString()
		require.Equal(t, test.expect, s)
	}

	args := types.MakeDatums(date[0], nil, "DAY")
	f, err := fcAdd.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(args))
	require.NoError(t, err)
	require.NotNil(t, f)
	v, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
	require.NoError(t, err)
	require.True(t, v.IsNull())

	args = types.MakeDatums(date[1], nil, "DAY")
	f, err = fcSub.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(args))
	require.NoError(t, err)
	require.NotNil(t, f)
	v, err = evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
	require.NoError(t, err)
	require.True(t, v.IsNull())

	// TestIssue11645
	testHours := []struct {
		input    string
		hours    int
		isNull   bool
		expected string
	}{
		{"1000-01-01 00:00:00", -2, false, "0999-12-31 22:00:00"},
		{"1000-01-01 00:00:00", -200, false, "0999-12-23 16:00:00"},
		{"0001-01-01 00:00:00", -2, false, "0000-00-00 22:00:00"},
		{"0001-01-01 00:00:00", -25, false, "0000-00-00 23:00:00"},
		{"0001-01-01 00:00:00", -8784, false, "0000-00-00 00:00:00"},
		{"0001-01-01 00:00:00", -8785, true, ""},
		{"0001-01-02 00:00:00", -2, false, "0001-01-01 22:00:00"},
		{"0001-01-02 00:00:00", -24, false, "0001-01-01 00:00:00"},
		{"0001-01-02 00:00:00", -25, false, "0000-00-00 23:00:00"},
		{"0001-01-02 00:00:00", -8785, false, "0000-00-00 23:00:00"},
	}
	for _, test := range testHours {
		args := types.MakeDatums(test.input, test.hours, "HOUR")
		f, err := fcAdd.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(args))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		require.NotNil(t, f)
		v, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		if test.isNull {
			require.True(t, v.IsNull())
		} else {
			require.Equal(t, test.expected, v.GetString())
		}
	}

	testMonths := []struct {
		input    string
		months   int
		expected string
	}{
		{"1900-01-31", 1, "1900-02-28"},
		{"2000-01-31", 1, "2000-02-29"},
		{"2016-01-31", 1, "2016-02-29"},
		{"2018-07-31", 1, "2018-08-31"},
		{"2018-08-31", 1, "2018-09-30"},
		{"2018-07-31", 2, "2018-09-30"},
		{"2016-01-31", 27, "2018-04-30"},
		{"2000-02-29", 12, "2001-02-28"},
		{"2000-11-30", 1, "2000-12-30"},
	}

	for _, test := range testMonths {
		args = types.MakeDatums(test.input, test.months, "MONTH")
		f, err = fcAdd.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(args))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		require.NotNil(t, f)
		v, err = evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		require.Equal(t, test.expected, v.GetString())
	}

	testYears := []struct {
		input    string
		year     int
		expected string
	}{
		{"1899-02-28", 1, "1900-02-28"},
		{"1901-02-28", -1, "1900-02-28"},
		{"2000-02-29", 1, "2001-02-28"},
		{"2001-02-28", -1, "2000-02-28"},
		{"2004-02-29", 1, "2005-02-28"},
		{"2005-02-28", -1, "2004-02-28"},
	}

	for _, test := range testYears {
		args = types.MakeDatums(test.input, test.year, "YEAR")
		f, err = fcAdd.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(args))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		require.NotNil(t, f)
		v, err = evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		require.Equal(t, test.expected, v.GetString())
	}

	testOverflow := []struct {
		input string
		v     int
		unit  string
	}{
		{"2008-11-23", -1465647104, "YEAR"},
		{"2008-11-23", 1465647104, "YEAR"},
		{"2000-04-13 07:17:02", -1465647104, "YEAR"},
		{"2000-04-13 07:17:02", 1465647104, "YEAR"},
		{"2008-11-23 22:47:31", 266076160, "QUARTER"},
		{"2008-11-23 22:47:31", -266076160, "QUARTER"},
	}

	for _, test := range testOverflow {
		for _, fc := range []functionClass{fcAdd, fcSub} {
			args = types.MakeDatums(test.input, test.v, test.unit)
			f, err = fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(args))
			require.NoError(t, err)
			require.NotNil(t, f)
			v, err = evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
			require.NoError(t, err)
			require.True(t, v.IsNull())
		}
	}

	testDurations := []struct {
		fc           functionClass
		dur          string
		fsp          int
		unit         string
		format       any
		expected     string
		checkHmsOnly bool // Duration + day returns datetime with current date padded, only check HMS part for them.
	}{
		{
			fc:           fcAdd,
			dur:          "00:00:00",
			fsp:          0,
			unit:         "MICROSECOND",
			format:       "100",
			expected:     "00:00:00.000100",
			checkHmsOnly: false,
		},
		{
			fc:           fcAdd,
			dur:          "00:00:00",
			fsp:          0,
			unit:         "MICROSECOND",
			format:       100.0,
			expected:     "00:00:00.000100",
			checkHmsOnly: false,
		},
		{
			fc:           fcSub,
			dur:          "00:00:01",
			fsp:          0,
			unit:         "MICROSECOND",
			format:       "100",
			expected:     "00:00:00.999900",
			checkHmsOnly: false,
		},
		{
			fc:           fcAdd,
			dur:          "01:00:00",
			fsp:          0,
			unit:         "DAY",
			format:       "1",
			expected:     "01:00:00",
			checkHmsOnly: true,
		},
		{
			fc:           fcAdd,
			dur:          "00:00:00",
			fsp:          0,
			unit:         "SECOND",
			format:       1,
			expected:     "00:00:01",
			checkHmsOnly: false,
		},
		{
			fc:           fcAdd,
			dur:          "01:00:00",
			fsp:          0,
			unit:         "DAY",
			format:       types.NewDecFromInt(1),
			expected:     "01:00:00",
			checkHmsOnly: true,
		},
		{
			fc:           fcAdd,
			dur:          "01:00:00",
			fsp:          0,
			unit:         "DAY",
			format:       1.0,
			expected:     "01:00:00",
			checkHmsOnly: true,
		},
		{
			fc:           fcSub,
			dur:          "26:00:00",
			fsp:          0,
			unit:         "DAY",
			format:       "1",
			expected:     "02:00:00",
			checkHmsOnly: true,
		},
		{
			fc:           fcSub,
			dur:          "26:00:00",
			fsp:          0,
			unit:         "DAY",
			format:       1,
			expected:     "02:00:00",
			checkHmsOnly: true,
		},
		{
			fc:       fcSub,
			dur:      "26:00:00",
			fsp:      0,
			unit:     "SECOND",
			format:   types.NewDecFromInt(1),
			expected: "25:59:59",
		},
		{
			fc:           fcSub,
			dur:          "27:00:00",
			fsp:          0,
			unit:         "DAY",
			format:       1.0,
			expected:     "03:00:00",
			checkHmsOnly: true,
		},
	}
	for _, tt := range testDurations {
		dur, _, ok, err := types.StrToDuration(types.DefaultStmtNoWarningContext, tt.dur, tt.fsp)
		require.NoError(t, err)
		require.True(t, ok)
		args = types.MakeDatums(dur, tt.format, tt.unit)
		f, err = tt.fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(args))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		require.NotNil(t, f)
		v, err = evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		if tt.checkHmsOnly {
			s := v.GetMysqlTime().String()
			require.Truef(t, strings.HasSuffix(s, tt.expected), "Suffix mismatch: %v, %v", s, tt.expected)
		} else {
			require.Equal(t, tt.expected, v.GetMysqlDuration().String())
		}
	}
}

func TestTimestamp(t *testing.T) {
	ctx := createContext(t)
	tests := []struct {
		t      []types.Datum
		expect string
	}{
		// one argument
		{[]types.Datum{types.NewStringDatum("2017-01-18")}, "2017-01-18 00:00:00"},
		{[]types.Datum{types.NewStringDatum("20170118")}, "2017-01-18 00:00:00"},
		{[]types.Datum{types.NewStringDatum("170118")}, "2017-01-18 00:00:00"},
		{[]types.Datum{types.NewStringDatum("20170118123056")}, "2017-01-18 12:30:56"},
		{[]types.Datum{types.NewStringDatum("2017-01-18 12:30:56")}, "2017-01-18 12:30:56"},
		{[]types.Datum{types.NewIntDatum(170118)}, "2017-01-18 00:00:00"},
		{[]types.Datum{types.NewFloat64Datum(20170118)}, "2017-01-18 00:00:00"},
		{[]types.Datum{types.NewStringDatum("20170118123050.999")}, "2017-01-18 12:30:50.999"},
		{[]types.Datum{types.NewStringDatum("20170118123050.1234567")}, "2017-01-18 12:30:50.123457"},
		// TODO: Parse int should use ParseTimeFromNum, rather than convert int to string for parsing.
		// {[]types.Datum{types.NewIntDatum(11111111111)}, "2001-11-11 11:11:11"},
		{[]types.Datum{types.NewStringDatum("11111111111")}, "2011-11-11 11:11:01"},
		{[]types.Datum{types.NewFloat64Datum(20170118.999)}, "2017-01-18 00:00:00.000"},

		// two arguments
		{[]types.Datum{types.NewStringDatum("2017-01-18"), types.NewStringDatum("12:30:59")}, "2017-01-18 12:30:59"},
		{[]types.Datum{types.NewStringDatum("2017-01-18"), types.NewStringDatum("12:30:59")}, "2017-01-18 12:30:59"},
		{[]types.Datum{types.NewStringDatum("2017-01-18 01:01:01"), types.NewStringDatum("12:30:50")}, "2017-01-18 13:31:51"},
		{[]types.Datum{types.NewStringDatum("2017-01-18 01:01:01"), types.NewStringDatum("838:59:59")}, "2017-02-22 00:01:00"},
		{[]types.Datum{types.NewStringDatum("0000-01-01"), types.NewStringDatum("1")}, ""},

		{[]types.Datum{types.NewDecimalDatum(types.NewDecFromStringForTest("20170118123950.123"))}, "2017-01-18 12:39:50.123"},
		{[]types.Datum{types.NewDecimalDatum(types.NewDecFromStringForTest("20170118123950.999"))}, "2017-01-18 12:39:50.999"},
		{[]types.Datum{types.NewDecimalDatum(types.NewDecFromStringForTest("20170118123950.999"))}, "2017-01-18 12:39:50.999"},

		// TestIssue25093
		{[]types.Datum{types.NewDecimalDatum(types.NewDecFromStringForTest("0.123"))}, "0000-00-00 00:00:00.123"},
		{[]types.Datum{types.NewDecimalDatum(types.NewDecFromStringForTest("0.4352"))}, "0000-00-00 00:00:00.4352"},
		{[]types.Datum{types.NewDecimalDatum(types.NewDecFromStringForTest("0.12345678"))}, "0000-00-00 00:00:00.123457"},
		{[]types.Datum{types.NewDecimalDatum(types.NewDecFromStringForTest("101.234"))}, "2000-01-01 00:00:00.000"},
		{[]types.Datum{types.NewDecimalDatum(types.NewDecFromStringForTest("0.9999999"))}, ""},
		{[]types.Datum{types.NewDecimalDatum(types.NewDecFromStringForTest("1.234"))}, ""},
	}
	fc := funcs[ast.Timestamp]
	for _, test := range tests {
		resetStmtContext(ctx)
		f, err := fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(test.t))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		d, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		result, _ := d.ToString()
		require.Equal(t, test.expect, result)
	}

	nilDatum := types.NewDatum(nil)
	resetStmtContext(ctx)
	f, err := fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants([]types.Datum{nilDatum}))
	require.NoError(t, err)
	d, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
	require.NoError(t, err)
	require.Equal(t, types.KindNull, d.Kind())
}

func TestMakeDate(t *testing.T) {
	ctx := createContext(t)
	cases := []struct {
		args     []any
		expected string
		isNil    bool
		getErr   bool
	}{
		{[]any{71, 1}, "1971-01-01", false, false},
		{[]any{71.1, 1.89}, "1971-01-02", false, false},
		{[]any{99, 1}, "1999-01-01", false, false},
		{[]any{100, 1}, "0100-01-01", false, false},
		{[]any{69, 1}, "2069-01-01", false, false},
		{[]any{70, 1}, "1970-01-01", false, false},
		{[]any{1000, 1}, "1000-01-01", false, false},
		{[]any{-1, 3660}, "", true, false},
		{[]any{10000, 3660}, "", true, false},
		{[]any{2060, 2900025}, "9999-12-31", false, false},
		{[]any{2060, 2900026}, "", true, false},
		{[]any{"71", 1}, "1971-01-01", false, false},
		{[]any{71, "1"}, "1971-01-01", false, false},
		{[]any{"71", "1"}, "1971-01-01", false, false},
		{[]any{nil, 2900025}, "", true, false},
		{[]any{2060, nil}, "", true, false},
		{[]any{nil, nil}, "", true, false},
		{[]any{errors.New("must error"), errors.New("must error")}, "", false, true},
	}

	for _, c := range cases {
		f, err := newFunctionForTest(ctx, ast.MakeDate, primitiveValsToConstants(ctx, c.args)...)
		require.NoError(t, err)
		tp := f.GetType()
		require.Equal(t, mysql.TypeDate, tp.GetType())
		require.Equal(t, charset.CharsetBin, tp.GetCharset())
		require.Equal(t, charset.CollationBin, tp.GetCollate())
		require.Equal(t, mysql.BinaryFlag, tp.GetFlag())
		require.Equal(t, mysql.MaxDateWidth, tp.GetFlen())
		d, err := f.Eval(ctx, chunk.Row{})
		if c.getErr {
			require.Error(t, err)
		} else {
			require.NoError(t, err)
			if c.isNil {
				require.Equal(t, types.KindNull, d.Kind())
			} else {
				require.Equal(t, c.expected, d.GetMysqlTime().String())
			}
		}
	}

	_, err := funcs[ast.MakeDate].getFunction(ctx, []Expression{NewZero(), NewZero()})
	require.NoError(t, err)
}

func TestMakeTime(t *testing.T) {
	ctx := createContext(t)
	tbl := []struct {
		Args []any
		Want any
	}{
		{[]any{12, 15, 30}, "12:15:30"},
		{[]any{25, 15, 30}, "25:15:30"},
		{[]any{-25, 15, 30}, "-25:15:30"},
		{[]any{12, -15, 30}, nil},
		{[]any{12, 15, -30}, nil},

		{[]any{12, 15, "30.10"}, "12:15:30.100000"},
		{[]any{12, 15, "30.20"}, "12:15:30.200000"},
		{[]any{12, 15, 30.3000001}, "12:15:30.300000"},
		{[]any{12, 15, 30.0000005}, "12:15:30.000001"},
		{[]any{"12", "15", 30.1}, "12:15:30.100000"},

		{[]any{0, 58.4, 0}, "00:58:00"},
		{[]any{0, "58.4", 0}, "00:58:00"},
		{[]any{0, 58.5, 1}, "00:58:01"},
		{[]any{0, "58.5", 1}, "00:58:01"},
		{[]any{0, 59.5, 1}, nil},
		{[]any{0, "59.5", 1}, "00:59:01"},
		{[]any{0, 1, 59.1}, "00:01:59.100000"},
		{[]any{0, 1, "59.1"}, "00:01:59.100000"},
		{[]any{0, 1, 59.5}, "00:01:59.500000"},
		{[]any{0, 1, "59.5"}, "00:01:59.500000"},
		{[]any{23.5, 1, 10}, "24:01:10"},
		{[]any{"23.5", 1, 10}, "23:01:10"},

		{[]any{0, 0, 0}, "00:00:00"},

		{[]any{837, 59, 59.1}, "837:59:59.100000"},
		{[]any{838, 0, 59.1}, "838:00:59.100000"},
		{[]any{838, 50, 59.999}, "838:50:59.999000"},
		{[]any{838, 58, 59.1}, "838:58:59.100000"},
		{[]any{838, 58, 59.999}, "838:58:59.999000"}, {[]any{838, 59, 59.1}, "838:59:59.000000"},
		{[]any{-838, 59, 59.1}, "-838:59:59.000000"},
		{[]any{1000, 1, 1}, "838:59:59"},
		{[]any{-1000, 1, 1.23}, "-838:59:59.000000"},
		{[]any{1000, 59.1, 1}, "838:59:59"},
		{[]any{1000, 59.5, 1}, nil},
		{[]any{1000, 1, 59.1}, "838:59:59.000000"},
		{[]any{1000, 1, 59.5}, "838:59:59.000000"},

		{[]any{12, 15, 60}, nil},
		{[]any{12, 15, "60"}, nil},
		{[]any{12, 60, 0}, nil},
		{[]any{12, "60", 0}, nil},

		{[]any{12, 15, nil}, nil},
		{[]any{12, nil, 0}, nil},
		{[]any{nil, 15, 0}, nil},
		{[]any{nil, nil, nil}, nil},
	}

	Dtbl := tblToDtbl(tbl)
	maketime := funcs[ast.MakeTime]
	for idx, c := range Dtbl {
		f, err := maketime.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(c["Args"]))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		got, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		if c["Want"][0].Kind() == types.KindNull {
			require.Equalf(t, types.KindNull, got.Kind(), "[%v] - args:%v", idx, c["Args"])
		} else {
			want, err := c["Want"][0].ToString()
			require.NoError(t, err)
			require.Equalf(t, want, got.GetMysqlDuration().String(), "[%v] - args:%v", idx, c["Args"])
		}
	}

	// MAKETIME(CAST(-1 AS UNSIGNED),0,0);
	tp1 := types.NewFieldTypeBuilder().SetType(mysql.TypeLonglong).SetFlag(mysql.UnsignedFlag).SetFlen(mysql.MaxIntWidth).SetCharset(charset.CharsetBin).SetCollate(charset.CollationBin).BuildP()
	f := BuildCastFunction(ctx, &Constant{Value: types.NewDatum("-1"), RetType: types.NewFieldType(mysql.TypeString)}, tp1)
	res, err := f.Eval(ctx, chunk.Row{})
	require.NoError(t, err)
	f1, err := maketime.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants([]types.Datum{res, makeDatums(0)[0], makeDatums(0)[0]}))
	require.NoError(t, err)
	got, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f1, ctx, chunk.Row{})
	require.NoError(t, err)
	require.Equal(t, "838:59:59", got.GetMysqlDuration().String())

	tbl = []struct {
		Args []any
		Want any
	}{
		{[]any{"", "", ""}, "00:00:00.000000"},
		{[]any{"h", "m", "s"}, "00:00:00.000000"},
	}
	Dtbl = tblToDtbl(tbl)
	maketime = funcs[ast.MakeTime]
	for idx, c := range Dtbl {
		f, err := maketime.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(c["Args"]))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		got, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		want, err := c["Want"][0].ToString()
		require.NoError(t, err)
		require.Equalf(t, want, got.GetMysqlDuration().String(), "[%v] - args:%v", idx, c["Args"])
	}
}

func TestQuarter(t *testing.T) {
	ctx := createContext(t)
	sc := ctx.GetSessionVars().StmtCtx
	sc.SetTypeFlags(sc.TypeFlags().WithIgnoreZeroInDate(true))
	tests := []struct {
		t      string
		expect int64
	}{
		// Test case from https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/date-and-time-functions.html#function_quarter
		{"2008-04-01", 2},
		// Test case for boundary values
		{"2008-01-01", 1},
		{"2008-03-31", 1},
		{"2008-06-30", 2},
		{"2008-07-01", 3},
		{"2008-09-30", 3},
		{"2008-10-01", 4},
		{"2008-12-31", 4},
		// Test case for month 0
		{"2008-00-01", 0},
	}
	fc := funcs["quarter"]
	for _, test := range tests {
		arg := types.NewStringDatum(test.t)
		f, err := fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants([]types.Datum{arg}))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		require.NotNil(t, f)
		result, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		require.Equal(t, test.expect, result.GetInt64())
	}

	// test invalid input
	argInvalid := types.NewStringDatum("2008-13-01")
	f, err := fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants([]types.Datum{argInvalid}))
	require.NoError(t, err)
	result, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
	require.NoError(t, err)
	require.True(t, result.IsNull())
}

func TestGetFormat(t *testing.T) {
	ctx := createContext(t)
	tests := []struct {
		unit     string
		location string
		expect   string
	}{
		{"DATE", "USA", `%m.%d.%Y`},
		{"DATE", "JIS", `%Y-%m-%d`},
		{"DATE", "ISO", `%Y-%m-%d`},
		{"DATE", "EUR", `%d.%m.%Y`},
		{"DATE", "INTERNAL", `%Y%m%d`},

		{"DATETIME", "USA", `%Y-%m-%d %H.%i.%s`},
		{"DATETIME", "JIS", `%Y-%m-%d %H:%i:%s`},
		{"DATETIME", "ISO", `%Y-%m-%d %H:%i:%s`},
		{"DATETIME", "EUR", `%Y-%m-%d %H.%i.%s`},
		{"DATETIME", "INTERNAL", `%Y%m%d%H%i%s`},

		{"TIME", "USA", `%h:%i:%s %p`},
		{"TIME", "JIS", `%H:%i:%s`},
		{"TIME", "ISO", `%H:%i:%s`},
		{"TIME", "EUR", `%H.%i.%s`},
		{"TIME", "INTERNAL", `%H%i%s`},
	}

	fc := funcs[ast.GetFormat]
	for _, test := range tests {
		dat := []types.Datum{types.NewStringDatum(test.unit), types.NewStringDatum(test.location)}
		f, err := fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(dat))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		d, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		result, _ := d.ToString()
		require.Equal(t, test.expect, result)
	}
}

func TestToSeconds(t *testing.T) {
	ctx := createContext(t)
	sc := ctx.GetSessionVars().StmtCtx
	sc.SetTypeFlags(sc.TypeFlags().WithIgnoreZeroInDate(true))
	tests := []struct {
		param  any
		expect int64
	}{
		{950501, 62966505600},
		{"2009-11-29", 63426672000},
		{"2009-11-29 13:43:32", 63426721412},
		{"09-11-29 13:43:32", 63426721412},
		{"99-11-29 13:43:32", 63111102212},
	}

	fc := funcs[ast.ToSeconds]
	for _, test := range tests {
		dat := []types.Datum{types.NewDatum(test.param)}
		f, err := fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(dat))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		d, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		require.Equal(t, test.expect, d.GetInt64())
	}

	testsNull := []any{
		"0000-00-00",
		"1992-13-00",
		"2007-10-07 23:59:61",
		"1998-10-00",
		"1998-00-11",
		123456789}

	for _, i := range testsNull {
		dat := []types.Datum{types.NewDatum(i)}
		f, err := fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(dat))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		d, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		require.True(t, d.IsNull())
	}
}

func TestToDays(t *testing.T) {
	ctx := createContext(t)
	sc := ctx.GetSessionVars().StmtCtx
	sc.SetTypeFlags(sc.TypeFlags().WithIgnoreZeroInDate(true))
	tests := []struct {
		param  any
		expect int64
	}{
		{950501, 728779},
		{"2007-10-07", 733321},
		{"2008-10-07", 733687},
		{"08-10-07", 733687},
		{"0000-01-01", 1},
		{"2007-10-07 00:00:59", 733321},
	}

	fc := funcs[ast.ToDays]
	for _, test := range tests {
		dat := []types.Datum{types.NewDatum(test.param)}
		f, err := fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(dat))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		d, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		require.Equal(t, test.expect, d.GetInt64())
	}

	testsNull := []any{
		"0000-00-00",
		"1992-13-00",
		"2007-10-07 23:59:61",
		"1998-10-00",
		123456789}

	for _, i := range testsNull {
		dat := []types.Datum{types.NewDatum(i)}
		f, err := fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(dat))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		d, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		require.True(t, d.IsNull())
	}
}

func TestTimestampAdd(t *testing.T) {
	ctx := createContext(t)
	tests := []struct {
		unit     string
		interval float64
		date     any
		expect   string
	}{
		{"MINUTE", 1, "2003-01-02", "2003-01-02 00:01:00"},
		{"WEEK", 1, "2003-01-02 23:59:59", "2003-01-09 23:59:59"},
		{"MICROSECOND", 1, 950501, "1995-05-01 00:00:00.000001"},
		{"DAY", 28768, 0, ""},
		{"QUARTER", 3, "1995-05-01", "1996-02-01 00:00:00"},
		{"SECOND", 1.1, "1995-05-01", "1995-05-01 00:00:01.100000"},
		{"SECOND", -1, "1995-05-01", "1995-04-30 23:59:59"},
		{"SECOND", -1.1, "1995-05-01", "1995-04-30 23:59:58.900000"},
		{"SECOND", 9.9999e-6, "1995-05-01", "1995-05-01 00:00:00.000009"},
		{"SECOND", 9.9999e-7, "1995-05-01", "1995-05-01 00:00:00"},
		{"SECOND", -9.9999e-6, "1995-05-01", "1995-04-30 23:59:59.999991"},
		{"SECOND", -9.9999e-7, "1995-05-01", "1995-05-01 00:00:00"},
		{"MINUTE", 1.5, "1995-05-01 00:00:00", "1995-05-01 00:02:00"},
		{"MINUTE", 1.5, "1995-05-01 00:00:00.000000", "1995-05-01 00:02:00"},
		{"MICROSECOND", -100, "1995-05-01 00:00:00.0001", "1995-05-01 00:00:00"},
	}

	fc := funcs[ast.TimestampAdd]
	for _, test := range tests {
		dat := []types.Datum{types.NewStringDatum(test.unit), types.NewFloat64Datum(test.interval), types.NewDatum(test.date)}
		f, err := fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(dat))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		d, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		result, _ := d.ToString()
		require.Equal(t, test.expect, result)
	}
}

func TestPeriodAdd(t *testing.T) {
	ctx := createContext(t)
	tests := []struct {
		Period  int64
		Months  int64
		Success bool
		Expect  int64
	}{
		{201611, 2, true, 201701},
		{201611, 3, true, 201702},
		{201611, -13, true, 201510},
		{1611, 3, true, 201702},
		{7011, 3, true, 197102},
		{12323, 10, false, 0},
		{0, 3, false, 0},
	}

	fc := funcs[ast.PeriodAdd]
	for _, test := range tests {
		period := types.NewIntDatum(test.Period)
		months := types.NewIntDatum(test.Months)
		f, err := fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants([]types.Datum{period, months}))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		require.NotNil(t, f)
		result, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		if !test.Success {
			require.True(t, result.IsNull())
			continue
		}
		require.NoError(t, err)
		require.Equal(t, types.KindInt64, result.Kind())
		value := result.GetInt64()
		require.Equal(t, test.Expect, value)
	}
}

func TestTimeFormat(t *testing.T) {
	ctx := createContext(t)
	// SELECT TIME_FORMAT(null,'%H %k %h %I %l')
	args := []types.Datum{types.NewDatum(nil), types.NewStringDatum(`%H %k %h %I %l`)}
	fc := funcs[ast.TimeFormat]
	f, err := fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(args))
	require.NoError(t, err)
	v, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
	require.NoError(t, err)
	require.Equal(t, true, v.IsNull())

	tblDate := []struct {
		Input  []string
		Expect any
	}{
		{[]string{"23:00:00", `%H %k %h %I %l`},
			"23 23 11 11 11"},
		{[]string{"11:00:00", `%H %k %h %I %l`},
			"11 11 11 11 11"},
		{[]string{"17:42:03.000001", `%r %T %h:%i%p %h:%i:%s %p %H %i %s`},
			"05:42:03 PM 17:42:03 05:42PM 05:42:03 PM 17 42 03"},
		{[]string{"07:42:03.000001", `%f`},
			"000001"},
		{[]string{"1990-05-07 19:30:10", `%H %i %s`},
			"19 30 10"},
	}
	dtblDate := tblToDtbl(tblDate)
	for i, c := range dtblDate {
		fc := funcs[ast.TimeFormat]
		f, err := fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(c["Input"]))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		v, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		comment := fmt.Sprintf("no.%d\nobtain:%v\nexpect:%v\n", i, v.GetValue(), c["Expect"][0].GetValue())
		testutil.DatumEqual(t, c["Expect"][0], v, comment)
	}
}

func TestTimeToSec(t *testing.T) {
	ctx := createContext(t)
	fc := funcs[ast.TimeToSec]

	// test nil
	nilDatum := types.NewDatum(nil)
	f, err := fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants([]types.Datum{nilDatum}))
	require.NoError(t, err)
	d, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
	require.NoError(t, err)
	require.Equal(t, types.KindNull, d.Kind())

	// TODO: Some test cases are commented out due to #4340, #4341.
	tests := []struct {
		input  types.Datum
		expect int64
	}{
		{types.NewStringDatum("22:23:00"), 80580},
		{types.NewStringDatum("00:39:38"), 2378},
		{types.NewStringDatum("23:00"), 82800},
		{types.NewStringDatum("00:00"), 0},
		{types.NewStringDatum("00:00:00"), 0},
		{types.NewStringDatum("23:59:59"), 86399},
		{types.NewStringDatum("1:0"), 3600},
		{types.NewStringDatum("1:00"), 3600},
		{types.NewStringDatum("1:0:0"), 3600},
		{types.NewStringDatum("-02:00"), -7200},
		{types.NewStringDatum("-02:00:05"), -7205},
		{types.NewStringDatum("020005"), 7205},
		// {types.NewStringDatum("20171222020005"), 7205},
		// {types.NewIntDatum(020005), 7205},
		// {types.NewIntDatum(20171222020005), 7205},
		// {types.NewIntDatum(171222020005), 7205},
	}
	for _, test := range tests {
		comment := fmt.Sprintf("%+v", test)
		expr := datumsToConstants([]types.Datum{test.input})
		f, err := fc.getFunction(ctx, expr)
		require.NoError(t, err, comment)
		result, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err, comment)
		require.Equal(t, test.expect, result.GetInt64(), comment)
	}
}

func TestSecToTime(t *testing.T) {
	ctx := createContext(t)
	stmtCtx := ctx.GetSessionVars().StmtCtx
	oldTypeFlags := stmtCtx.TypeFlags()
	defer func() {
		stmtCtx.SetTypeFlags(oldTypeFlags)
	}()
	stmtCtx.SetTypeFlags(oldTypeFlags.WithIgnoreTruncateErr(true))

	fc := funcs[ast.SecToTime]

	// test nil
	nilDatum := types.NewDatum(nil)
	f, err := fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants([]types.Datum{nilDatum}))
	require.NoError(t, err)
	d, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
	require.NoError(t, err)
	require.Equal(t, types.KindNull, d.Kind())

	tests := []struct {
		inputDecimal int
		input        types.Datum
		expect       string
	}{
		{0, types.NewIntDatum(2378), "00:39:38"},
		{0, types.NewIntDatum(3864000), "838:59:59"},
		{0, types.NewIntDatum(-3864000), "-838:59:59"},
		{1, types.NewFloat64Datum(86401.4), "24:00:01.4"},
		{1, types.NewFloat64Datum(-86401.4), "-24:00:01.4"},
		{5, types.NewFloat64Datum(86401.54321), "24:00:01.54321"},
		{-1, types.NewFloat64Datum(86401.54321), "24:00:01.543210"},
		{0, types.NewStringDatum("123.4"), "00:02:03.400000"},
		{0, types.NewStringDatum("123.4567891"), "00:02:03.456789"},
		{0, types.NewStringDatum("123"), "00:02:03.000000"},
		{0, types.NewStringDatum("abc"), "00:00:00.000000"},
		// Issue #15613
		{0, types.NewStringDatum("1e-4"), "00:00:00.000100"},
		{0, types.NewStringDatum("1e-5"), "00:00:00.000010"},
		{0, types.NewStringDatum("1e-6"), "00:00:00.000001"},
		{0, types.NewStringDatum("1e-7"), "00:00:00.000000"},
	}
	for _, test := range tests {
		comment := fmt.Sprintf("%+v", test)
		expr := datumsToConstants([]types.Datum{test.input})
		expr[0].GetType().SetDecimal(test.inputDecimal)
		f, err := fc.getFunction(ctx, expr)
		require.NoError(t, err, comment)
		d, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err, comment)
		result, _ := d.ToString()
		require.Equal(t, test.expect, result, comment)
	}
}

func TestConvertTz(t *testing.T) {
	ctx := createContext(t)
	loc1, _ := time.LoadLocation("Europe/Tallinn")
	loc2, _ := time.LoadLocation("Local")
	t1, _ := time.ParseInLocation("2006-01-02 15:04:00", "2021-10-22 10:00:00", loc1)
	t2, _ := time.ParseInLocation("2006-01-02 15:04:00", "2021-10-22 10:00:00", loc2)
	tests := []struct {
		t       any
		fromTz  any
		toTz    any
		Success bool
		expect  string
	}{
		{"2004-01-01 12:00:00.111", "-00:00", "+12:34", true, "2004-01-02 00:34:00.111"},
		{"2004-01-01 12:00:00.11", "+00:00", "+12:34", true, "2004-01-02 00:34:00.11"},
		{"2004-01-01 12:00:00.11111111111", "-00:00", "+12:34", true, "2004-01-02 00:34:00.111111"},
		{"2004-01-01 12:00:00", "GMT", "MET", true, "2004-01-01 13:00:00"},
		{"2004-01-01 12:00:00", "-01:00", "-12:00", true, "2004-01-01 01:00:00"},
		{"2004-01-01 12:00:00", "-00:00", "+13:00", true, "2004-01-02 01:00:00"},
		{"2004-01-01 12:00:00", "-00:00", "-13:00", true, "2003-12-31 23:00:00"},
		{"2004-01-01 12:00:00", "-00:00", "-12:88", true, ""},
		{"2004-01-01 12:00:00", "+10:82", "GMT", true, ""},
		{"2004-01-01 12:00:00", "+00:00", "GMT", true, "2004-01-01 12:00:00"},
		{"2004-01-01 12:00:00", "GMT", "+00:00", true, "2004-01-01 12:00:00"},
		{20040101, "+00:00", "+10:32", true, "2004-01-01 10:32:00"},
		{3.14159, "+00:00", "+10:32", true, ""},
		{"2004-01-01 12:00:00", "", "GMT", true, ""},
		{"2004-01-01 12:00:00", "GMT", "", true, ""},
		{"2004-01-01 12:00:00", "a", "GMT", true, ""},
		{"2004-01-01 12:00:00", "0", "GMT", true, ""},
		{"2004-01-01 12:00:00", "GMT", "a", true, ""},
		{"2004-01-01 12:00:00", "GMT", "0", true, ""},
		{nil, "GMT", "+00:00", true, ""},
		{"2004-01-01 12:00:00", nil, "+00:00", true, ""},
		{"2004-01-01 12:00:00", "GMT", nil, true, ""},
		{"2004-01-01 12:00:00", "GMT", "+10:00", true, "2004-01-01 22:00:00"},
		{"2004-01-01 12:00:00", "+00:00", "MET", true, "2004-01-01 13:00:00"},
		{"2004-01-01 12:00:00", "+00:00", "+14:00", true, "2004-01-02 02:00:00"},
		{"2021-10-31 02:59:59", "+02:00", "Europe/Amsterdam", true, "2021-10-31 02:59:59"},
		{"2021-10-31 03:00:00", "+01:00", "Europe/Amsterdam", true, "2021-10-31 03:00:00"},
		{"2021-10-31 02:00:00", "+02:00", "Europe/Amsterdam", true, "2021-10-31 02:00:00"},
		{"2021-10-31 02:59:59", "+02:00", "Europe/Amsterdam", true, "2021-10-31 02:59:59"},
		{"2021-10-31 03:00:00", "+02:00", "Europe/Amsterdam", true, "2021-10-31 02:00:00"},
		{"2021-10-31 02:30:00", "+01:00", "Europe/Amsterdam", true, "2021-10-31 02:30:00"},
		{"2021-10-31 03:00:00", "+01:00", "Europe/Amsterdam", true, "2021-10-31 03:00:00"},
		// Europe/Amsterdam during DST transition +02:00 -> +01:00, Summer to normal time,
		// will be interpreted as +01:00, normal time.
		{"2021-10-31 02:00:00", "Europe/Amsterdam", "+02:00", true, "2021-10-31 03:00:00"},
		{"2021-10-31 02:59:59", "Europe/Amsterdam", "+02:00", true, "2021-10-31 03:59:59"},
		{"2021-10-31 02:00:00", "Europe/Amsterdam", "+01:00", true, "2021-10-31 02:00:00"},
		{"2021-10-31 03:00:00", "Europe/Amsterdam", "+01:00", true, "2021-10-31 03:00:00"},
		{"2021-03-28 02:30:00", "Europe/Amsterdam", "UTC", true, "2021-03-28 01:00:00"},
		{"2021-10-22 10:00:00", "Europe/Tallinn", "SYSTEM", true, t1.In(loc2).Format("2006-01-02 15:04:00")},
		{"2021-10-22 10:00:00", "SYSTEM", "Europe/Tallinn", true, t2.In(loc1).Format("2006-01-02 15:04:00")},

		// TestIssue30081
		{"2007-03-11 2:00:00", "US/Eastern", "US/Central", true, "2007-03-11 01:00:00"},
		{"2007-03-11 3:00:00", "US/Eastern", "US/Central", true, "2007-03-11 01:00:00"},

		{"2004-10-00 12:00:00", "GMT", "MET", true, ""},
		{"2004-00-01 12:00:00", "GMT", "MET", true, ""},
	}
	fc := funcs[ast.ConvertTz]
	for _, test := range tests {
		f, err := fc.getFunction(ctx,
			datumsToConstants(
				[]types.Datum{
					types.NewDatum(test.t),
					types.NewDatum(test.fromTz),
					types.NewDatum(test.toTz)}))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		d, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		if test.Success {
			require.NoError(t, err)
			result, _ := d.ToString()
			require.Equalf(t, test.expect, result, "convert_tz(\"%v\", \"%s\", \"%s\")", test.t, test.fromTz, test.toTz)
		} else {
			require.Error(t, err)
		}
	}
}

func TestPeriodDiff(t *testing.T) {
	ctx := createContext(t)
	tests := []struct {
		Period1 int64
		Period2 int64
		Success bool
		Expect  int64
	}{
		{201611, 201611, true, 0},
		{200802, 200703, true, 11},
		{201701, 201611, true, 2},
		{201702, 201611, true, 3},
		{201510, 201611, true, -13},
		{201702, 1611, true, 3},
		{197102, 7011, true, 3},
	}

	tests2 := []struct {
		Period1 int64
		Period2 int64
	}{
		{0, 999999999},
		{9999999, 0},
		{411, 200413},
		{197000, 207700},
		{12509, 12323},
		{12509, 12323},
	}
	fc := funcs[ast.PeriodDiff]
	for _, test := range tests {
		period1 := types.NewIntDatum(test.Period1)
		period2 := types.NewIntDatum(test.Period2)
		f, err := fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants([]types.Datum{period1, period2}))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		require.NotNil(t, f)
		result, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		if !test.Success {
			require.True(t, result.IsNull())
			continue
		}
		require.NoError(t, err)
		require.Equal(t, types.KindInt64, result.Kind())
		value := result.GetInt64()
		require.Equal(t, test.Expect, value)
	}

	for _, test := range tests2 {
		period1 := types.NewIntDatum(test.Period1)
		period2 := types.NewIntDatum(test.Period2)
		f, err := fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants([]types.Datum{period1, period2}))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		require.NotNil(t, f)
		_, err = evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.Error(t, err)
		require.Equal(t, "[expression:1210]Incorrect arguments to period_diff", err.Error())
	}

	// nil
	args := []types.Datum{types.NewDatum(nil), types.NewIntDatum(0)}
	f, err := fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(args))
	require.NoError(t, err)
	v, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
	require.NoError(t, err)
	require.Equal(t, types.KindNull, v.Kind())

	args = []types.Datum{types.NewIntDatum(0), types.NewDatum(nil)}
	f, err = fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(args))
	require.NoError(t, err)
	v, err = evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
	require.NoError(t, err)
	require.Equal(t, types.KindNull, v.Kind())
}

func TestLastDay(t *testing.T) {
	ctx := createContext(t)
	tests := []struct {
		param  any
		expect string
	}{
		{"2003-02-05", "2003-02-28"},
		{"2004-02-05", "2004-02-29"},
		{"2004-01-01 01:01:01", "2004-01-31"},
		{950501, "1995-05-31"},
	}

	fc := funcs[ast.LastDay]
	for _, test := range tests {
		dat := []types.Datum{types.NewDatum(test.param)}
		f, err := fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(dat))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		d, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		result, _ := d.ToString()
		require.Equal(t, test.expect, result)
	}

	var timeData types.Time
	timeData.StrToDate(ctx.GetSessionVars().StmtCtx.TypeCtx(), "202010", "%Y%m")
	testsNull := []struct {
		param           any
		isNilNoZeroDate bool
		isNil           bool
	}{
		{"0000-00-00", true, true},
		{"1992-13-00", true, true},
		{"2007-10-07 23:59:61", true, true},
		{"2005-00-00", true, true},
		{"2005-00-01", true, true},
		{"2243-01 00:00:00", true, true},
		{123456789, true, true},
		{timeData, true, false},
	}

	for _, i := range testsNull {
		dat := []types.Datum{types.NewDatum(i.param)}
		f, err := fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(dat))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		d, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		require.True(t, d.IsNull() == i.isNilNoZeroDate)
		ctx.GetSessionVars().SQLMode &= ^mysql.ModeNoZeroDate
		d, err = evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		require.True(t, d.IsNull() == i.isNil)
		ctx.GetSessionVars().SQLMode |= mysql.ModeNoZeroDate
	}
}

func TestWithTimeZone(t *testing.T) {
	ctx := createContext(t)
	sv := ctx.GetSessionVars()
	originTZ := sv.Location()
	tz, _ := time.LoadLocation("Asia/Tokyo")
	ctx.ResetSessionAndStmtTimeZone(tz)
	defer func() {
		ctx.ResetSessionAndStmtTimeZone(originTZ)
	}()

	timeToGoTime := func(d types.Datum, loc *time.Location) time.Time {
		result, _ := d.GetMysqlTime().GoTime(loc)
		return result
	}
	durationToGoTime := func(d types.Datum, loc *time.Location) time.Time {
		t, _ := d.GetMysqlDuration().ConvertToTime(sv.StmtCtx.TypeCtx(), mysql.TypeDatetime)
		result, _ := t.GoTime(sv.TimeZone)
		return result
	}

	tests := []struct {
		method        string
		Input         []types.Datum
		convertToTime func(types.Datum, *time.Location) time.Time
	}{
		{ast.Sysdate, makeDatums(2), timeToGoTime},
		{ast.Sysdate, nil, timeToGoTime},
		{ast.Curdate, nil, timeToGoTime},
		{ast.CurrentTime, makeDatums(2), durationToGoTime},
		{ast.CurrentTime, nil, durationToGoTime},
		{ast.Curtime, nil, durationToGoTime},
	}

	for _, c := range tests {
		now := time.Now().In(sv.TimeZone)
		f, err := funcs[c.method].getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(c.Input))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		resetStmtContext(ctx)
		d, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		result := c.convertToTime(d, sv.TimeZone)
		require.LessOrEqual(t, result.Sub(now), 2*time.Second)
	}
}

func TestTidbParseTso(t *testing.T) {
	ctx := createContext(t)
	ctx.ResetSessionAndStmtTimeZone(time.UTC)
	tests := []struct {
		param  any
		expect string
	}{
		{404411537129996288, "2018-11-20 09:53:04.877000"},
		{"404411537129996288", "2018-11-20 09:53:04.877000"},
		{1, "1970-01-01 00:00:00.000000"},
	}

	fc := funcs[ast.TiDBParseTso]
	for _, test := range tests {
		dat := []types.Datum{types.NewDatum(test.param)}
		f, err := fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(dat))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		d, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		result, _ := d.ToString()
		require.Equal(t, test.expect, result)
	}

	testsNull := []any{
		0,
		-1,
		"-1"}

	for _, i := range testsNull {
		dat := []types.Datum{types.NewDatum(i)}
		f, err := fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(dat))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		d, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		require.True(t, d.IsNull())
	}
}

func TestTidbParseTsoLogical(t *testing.T) {
	ctx := createContext(t)
	tests := []struct {
		param  int64
		expect string
	}{
		{404411537129996288, "0"},
		{404411537129996289, "1"},
		{404411537129996290, "2"},
	}

	fc := funcs[ast.TiDBParseTsoLogical]
	for _, test := range tests {
		dat := []types.Datum{types.NewDatum(test.param)}
		f, err := fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(dat))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		d, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		result, _ := d.ToString()
		require.Equal(t, test.expect, result)
	}

	testsNull := []any{
		0,
		-1,
		"-1"}

	for _, i := range testsNull {
		dat := []types.Datum{types.NewDatum(i)}
		f, err := fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants(dat))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		d, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		require.True(t, d.IsNull())
	}
}

func TestTiDBBoundedStaleness(t *testing.T) {
	ctx := createContext(t)
	t1, err := time.Parse(types.TimeFormat, "2015-09-21 09:53:04")
	require.NoError(t, err)
	// time.Parse uses UTC time zone by default, we need to change it to Local manually.
	t1 = t1.Local()
	t1Str := t1.Format(types.TimeFormat)
	t2 := time.Now()
	t2Str := t2.Format(types.TimeFormat)
	timeZone := time.Local
	ctx.ResetSessionAndStmtTimeZone(timeZone)
	tests := []struct {
		leftTime     any
		rightTime    any
		injectSafeTS uint64
		isNull       bool
		expect       time.Time
	}{
		// SafeTS is in the range.
		{
			leftTime:     t1Str,
			rightTime:    t2Str,
			injectSafeTS: oracle.GoTimeToTS(t2.Add(-1 * time.Second)),
			isNull:       false,
			expect:       t2.Add(-1 * time.Second),
		},
		// SafeTS is less than the left time.
		{
			leftTime:     t1Str,
			rightTime:    t2Str,
			injectSafeTS: oracle.GoTimeToTS(t1.Add(-1 * time.Second)),
			isNull:       false,
			expect:       t1,
		},
		// SafeTS is bigger than the right time.
		{
			leftTime:     t1Str,
			rightTime:    t2Str,
			injectSafeTS: oracle.GoTimeToTS(t2.Add(time.Second)),
			isNull:       false,
			expect:       t2,
		},
		// Wrong time order.
		{
			leftTime:     t2Str,
			rightTime:    t1Str,
			injectSafeTS: 0,
			isNull:       true,
			expect:       time.Time{},
		},
	}

	fc := funcs[ast.TiDBBoundedStaleness]
	for _, test := range tests {
		require.NoError(t, failpoint.Enable("github.com/pingcap/tidb/pkg/expression/injectSafeTS", fmt.Sprintf("return(%v)", test.injectSafeTS)))
		f, err := fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants([]types.Datum{types.NewDatum(test.leftTime), types.NewDatum(test.rightTime)}))
		require.NoError(t, err)
		d, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		if test.isNull {
			require.True(t, d.IsNull())
		} else {
			goTime, err := d.GetMysqlTime().GoTime(timeZone)
			require.NoError(t, err)
			require.Equal(t, test.expect.Format(types.TimeFormat), goTime.Format(types.TimeFormat))
		}
		resetStmtContext(ctx)
	}

	// Test whether it's deterministic.
	safeTime1 := t2.Add(-1 * time.Second)
	safeTS1 := oracle.GoTimeToTS(safeTime1)
	require.NoError(t, failpoint.Enable("github.com/pingcap/tidb/pkg/expression/injectSafeTS", fmt.Sprintf("return(%v)", safeTS1)))
	f, err := fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants([]types.Datum{types.NewDatum(t1Str), types.NewDatum(t2Str)}))
	require.NoError(t, err)
	d, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
	require.NoError(t, err)
	goTime, err := d.GetMysqlTime().GoTime(timeZone)
	require.NoError(t, err)
	resultTime := goTime.Format(types.TimeFormat)
	require.Equal(t, safeTime1.Format(types.TimeFormat), resultTime)
	// SafeTS updated.
	safeTime2 := t2.Add(1 * time.Second)
	safeTS2 := oracle.GoTimeToTS(safeTime2)
	require.NoError(t, failpoint.Enable("github.com/pingcap/tidb/pkg/expression/injectSafeTS", fmt.Sprintf("return(%v)", safeTS2)))
	f, err = fc.getFunction(ctx, datumsToConstants([]types.Datum{types.NewDatum(t1Str), types.NewDatum(t2Str)}))
	require.NoError(t, err)
	d, err = evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
	require.NoError(t, err)
	// Still safeTime1
	require.Equal(t, safeTime1.Format(types.TimeFormat), resultTime)
	resetStmtContext(ctx)
	require.NoError(t, failpoint.Disable("github.com/pingcap/tidb/pkg/expression/injectSafeTS"))
}

func TestGetIntervalFromDecimal(t *testing.T) {
	ctx := createContext(t)
	du := baseDateArithmetical{}

	tests := []struct {
		param  string
		expect string
		unit   string
	}{
		{"1.100", "1:100", "MINUTE_SECOND"},
		{"1.10000", "1-10000", "YEAR_MONTH"},
		{"1.10000", "1 10000", "DAY_HOUR"},
		{"11000", "0 00:00:11000", "DAY_MICROSECOND"},
		{"11000", "00:00:11000", "HOUR_MICROSECOND"},
		{"11.1000", "00:11:1000", "HOUR_SECOND"},
		{"1000", "00:1000", "MINUTE_MICROSECOND"},
	}

	for _, test := range tests {
		dat := new(types.MyDecimal)
		require.NoError(t, dat.FromString([]byte(test.param)))
		interval, isNull, err := du.getIntervalFromDecimal(ctx, datumsToConstants([]types.Datum{types.NewDatum("CURRENT DATE"), types.NewDecimalDatum(dat)}), chunk.Row{}, test.unit)
		require.False(t, isNull)
		require.NoError(t, err)
		require.Equal(t, test.expect, interval)
	}
}

func TestCurrentTso(t *testing.T) {
	ctx := createContext(t)
	fc := funcs[ast.TiDBCurrentTso]
	f, err := fc.getFunction(mock.NewContext(), datumsToConstants(nil))
	require.NoError(t, err)
	resetStmtContext(ctx)
	v, err := evalBuiltinFunc(f, ctx, chunk.Row{})
	require.NoError(t, err)
	n := v.GetInt64()
	tso, _ := ctx.GetSessionVars().GetSessionOrGlobalSystemVar(context.Background(), "tidb_current_ts")
	itso, _ := strconv.ParseInt(tso, 10, 64)
	require.Equal(t, itso, n, v.Kind())
}