Tom Lane ce8d5fe0e2 plpgsql: optimize "SELECT simple-expression INTO var".
Previously, we always fed SELECT ... INTO to the SPI machinery.
While that works for all cases, it's a great deal slower than
the otherwise-equivalent "var := expression" if the expression
is "simple" and the INTO target is a single variable.  Users
coming from MSSQL or T_SQL are likely to be surprised by this;
they are used to writing SELECT ... INTO since there is no
"var := expression" syntax in those dialects.  Hence, check for
a simple expression and use the faster code path if possible.

(Here, "simple" means whatever exec_is_simple_query accepts,
which basically means "SELECT scalar-expression" without any
input tables, aggregates, qual clauses, etc.)

This optimization is not entirely transparent.  Notably, one of
the reasons it's faster is that the hooks that pg_stat_statements
uses aren't called in this path, so that the evaluated expression
no longer appears in pg_stat_statements output as it did before.
There may be some other minor behavioral changes too, although
I tried hard to make error reporting look the same.  Hopefully,
none of them are significant enough to not be acceptable as
routine changes in a PG major version.

Author: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us>
Reviewed-by: Pavel Stehule <pavel.stehule@gmail.com>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAFj8pRDieSQOPDHD_svvR75875uRejS9cN87FoAC3iXMXS1saQ@mail.gmail.com
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PostgreSQL Database Management System

This directory contains the source code distribution of the PostgreSQL database management system.

PostgreSQL is an advanced object-relational database management system that supports an extended subset of the SQL standard, including transactions, foreign keys, subqueries, triggers, user-defined types and functions. This distribution also contains C language bindings.

Copyright and license information can be found in the file COPYRIGHT.

General documentation about this version of PostgreSQL can be found at https://www.postgresql.org/docs/devel/. In particular, information about building PostgreSQL from the source code can be found at https://www.postgresql.org/docs/devel/installation.html.

The latest version of this software, and related software, may be obtained at https://www.postgresql.org/download/. For more information look at our web site located at https://www.postgresql.org/.

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