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25b6df1e35
The planner previously assumed that parameter Vars having the same absolute query level, varno, and varattno could safely be assigned the same runtime PARAM_EXEC slot, even though they might be different Vars appearing in different subqueries. This was (probably) safe before the introduction of CTEs, but the lazy-evalution mechanism used for CTEs means that a CTE can be executed during execution of some other subquery, causing the lifespan of Params at the same syntactic nesting level as the CTE to overlap with use of the same slots inside the CTE. In 9.1 we created additional hazards by using the same parameter-assignment technology for nestloop inner scan parameters, but it was broken before that, as illustrated by the added regression test. To fix, restructure the planner's management of PlannerParamItems so that items having different semantic lifespans are kept rigorously separated. This will probably result in complex queries using more runtime PARAM_EXEC slots than before, but the slots are cheap enough that this hardly matters. Also, stop generating PlannerParamItems containing Params for subquery outputs: all we really need to do is reserve the PARAM_EXEC slot number, and that now only takes incrementing a counter. The planning code is simpler and probably faster than before, as well as being more correct. Per report from Vik Reykja. Back-patch of commit 46c508fbcf98ac334f1e831d21021d731c882fbb into all branches that support WITH.
608 lines
16 KiB
SQL
608 lines
16 KiB
SQL
--
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-- Tests for common table expressions (WITH query, ... SELECT ...)
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--
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-- Basic WITH
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WITH q1(x,y) AS (SELECT 1,2)
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SELECT * FROM q1, q1 AS q2;
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-- Multiple uses are evaluated only once
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SELECT count(*) FROM (
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WITH q1(x) AS (SELECT random() FROM generate_series(1, 5))
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SELECT * FROM q1
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UNION
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SELECT * FROM q1
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) ss;
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-- WITH RECURSIVE
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-- sum of 1..100
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WITH RECURSIVE t(n) AS (
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VALUES (1)
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UNION ALL
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SELECT n+1 FROM t WHERE n < 100
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)
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SELECT sum(n) FROM t;
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WITH RECURSIVE t(n) AS (
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SELECT (VALUES(1))
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UNION ALL
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SELECT n+1 FROM t WHERE n < 5
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)
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SELECT * FROM t;
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-- This is an infinite loop with UNION ALL, but not with UNION
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WITH RECURSIVE t(n) AS (
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SELECT 1
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UNION
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SELECT 10-n FROM t)
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SELECT * FROM t;
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-- This'd be an infinite loop, but outside query reads only as much as needed
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WITH RECURSIVE t(n) AS (
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VALUES (1)
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UNION ALL
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SELECT n+1 FROM t)
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SELECT * FROM t LIMIT 10;
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-- UNION case should have same property
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WITH RECURSIVE t(n) AS (
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SELECT 1
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UNION
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SELECT n+1 FROM t)
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SELECT * FROM t LIMIT 10;
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-- Test behavior with an unknown-type literal in the WITH
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WITH q AS (SELECT 'foo' AS x)
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SELECT x, x IS OF (unknown) as is_unknown FROM q;
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WITH RECURSIVE t(n) AS (
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SELECT 'foo'
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UNION ALL
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SELECT n || ' bar' FROM t WHERE length(n) < 20
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)
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SELECT n, n IS OF (text) as is_text FROM t;
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--
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-- Some examples with a tree
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--
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-- department structure represented here is as follows:
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--
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-- ROOT-+->A-+->B-+->C
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-- | |
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-- | +->D-+->F
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-- +->E-+->G
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CREATE TEMP TABLE department (
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id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, -- department ID
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parent_department INTEGER REFERENCES department, -- upper department ID
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name TEXT -- department name
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);
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INSERT INTO department VALUES (0, NULL, 'ROOT');
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INSERT INTO department VALUES (1, 0, 'A');
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INSERT INTO department VALUES (2, 1, 'B');
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INSERT INTO department VALUES (3, 2, 'C');
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INSERT INTO department VALUES (4, 2, 'D');
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INSERT INTO department VALUES (5, 0, 'E');
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INSERT INTO department VALUES (6, 4, 'F');
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INSERT INTO department VALUES (7, 5, 'G');
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-- extract all departments under 'A'. Result should be A, B, C, D and F
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WITH RECURSIVE subdepartment AS
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(
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-- non recursive term
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SELECT name as root_name, * FROM department WHERE name = 'A'
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UNION ALL
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-- recursive term
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SELECT sd.root_name, d.* FROM department AS d, subdepartment AS sd
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WHERE d.parent_department = sd.id
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)
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SELECT * FROM subdepartment ORDER BY name;
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-- extract all departments under 'A' with "level" number
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WITH RECURSIVE subdepartment(level, id, parent_department, name) AS
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(
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-- non recursive term
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SELECT 1, * FROM department WHERE name = 'A'
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UNION ALL
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-- recursive term
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SELECT sd.level + 1, d.* FROM department AS d, subdepartment AS sd
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WHERE d.parent_department = sd.id
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)
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SELECT * FROM subdepartment ORDER BY name;
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-- extract all departments under 'A' with "level" number.
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-- Only shows level 2 or more
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WITH RECURSIVE subdepartment(level, id, parent_department, name) AS
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(
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-- non recursive term
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SELECT 1, * FROM department WHERE name = 'A'
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UNION ALL
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-- recursive term
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SELECT sd.level + 1, d.* FROM department AS d, subdepartment AS sd
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WHERE d.parent_department = sd.id
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)
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SELECT * FROM subdepartment WHERE level >= 2 ORDER BY name;
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-- "RECURSIVE" is ignored if the query has no self-reference
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WITH RECURSIVE subdepartment AS
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(
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-- note lack of recursive UNION structure
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SELECT * FROM department WHERE name = 'A'
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)
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SELECT * FROM subdepartment ORDER BY name;
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-- inside subqueries
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SELECT count(*) FROM (
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WITH RECURSIVE t(n) AS (
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SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT n + 1 FROM t WHERE n < 500
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)
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SELECT * FROM t) AS t WHERE n < (
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SELECT count(*) FROM (
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WITH RECURSIVE t(n) AS (
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SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT n + 1 FROM t WHERE n < 100
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)
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SELECT * FROM t WHERE n < 50000
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) AS t WHERE n < 100);
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-- use same CTE twice at different subquery levels
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WITH q1(x,y) AS (
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SELECT hundred, sum(ten) FROM tenk1 GROUP BY hundred
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)
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SELECT count(*) FROM q1 WHERE y > (SELECT sum(y)/100 FROM q1 qsub);
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-- via a VIEW
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CREATE TEMPORARY VIEW vsubdepartment AS
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WITH RECURSIVE subdepartment AS
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(
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-- non recursive term
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SELECT * FROM department WHERE name = 'A'
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UNION ALL
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-- recursive term
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SELECT d.* FROM department AS d, subdepartment AS sd
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WHERE d.parent_department = sd.id
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)
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SELECT * FROM subdepartment;
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SELECT * FROM vsubdepartment ORDER BY name;
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-- Check reverse listing
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SELECT pg_get_viewdef('vsubdepartment'::regclass);
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SELECT pg_get_viewdef('vsubdepartment'::regclass, true);
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-- corner case in which sub-WITH gets initialized first
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with recursive q as (
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select * from department
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union all
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(with x as (select * from q)
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select * from x)
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)
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select * from q limit 24;
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with recursive q as (
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select * from department
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union all
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(with recursive x as (
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select * from department
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union all
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(select * from q union all select * from x)
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)
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select * from x)
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)
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select * from q limit 32;
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-- recursive term has sub-UNION
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WITH RECURSIVE t(i,j) AS (
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VALUES (1,2)
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UNION ALL
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SELECT t2.i, t.j+1 FROM
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(SELECT 2 AS i UNION ALL SELECT 3 AS i) AS t2
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JOIN t ON (t2.i = t.i+1))
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SELECT * FROM t;
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--
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-- different tree example
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--
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CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE tree(
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id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,
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parent_id INTEGER REFERENCES tree(id)
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);
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INSERT INTO tree
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VALUES (1, NULL), (2, 1), (3,1), (4,2), (5,2), (6,2), (7,3), (8,3),
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(9,4), (10,4), (11,7), (12,7), (13,7), (14, 9), (15,11), (16,11);
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--
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-- get all paths from "second level" nodes to leaf nodes
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--
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WITH RECURSIVE t(id, path) AS (
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VALUES(1,ARRAY[]::integer[])
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UNION ALL
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SELECT tree.id, t.path || tree.id
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FROM tree JOIN t ON (tree.parent_id = t.id)
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)
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SELECT t1.*, t2.* FROM t AS t1 JOIN t AS t2 ON
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(t1.path[1] = t2.path[1] AND
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array_upper(t1.path,1) = 1 AND
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array_upper(t2.path,1) > 1)
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ORDER BY t1.id, t2.id;
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-- just count 'em
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WITH RECURSIVE t(id, path) AS (
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VALUES(1,ARRAY[]::integer[])
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UNION ALL
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SELECT tree.id, t.path || tree.id
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FROM tree JOIN t ON (tree.parent_id = t.id)
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)
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SELECT t1.id, count(t2.*) FROM t AS t1 JOIN t AS t2 ON
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(t1.path[1] = t2.path[1] AND
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array_upper(t1.path,1) = 1 AND
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array_upper(t2.path,1) > 1)
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GROUP BY t1.id
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ORDER BY t1.id;
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-- this variant tickled a whole-row-variable bug in 8.4devel
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WITH RECURSIVE t(id, path) AS (
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VALUES(1,ARRAY[]::integer[])
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UNION ALL
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SELECT tree.id, t.path || tree.id
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FROM tree JOIN t ON (tree.parent_id = t.id)
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)
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SELECT t1.id, t2.path, t2 FROM t AS t1 JOIN t AS t2 ON
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(t1.id=t2.id);
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--
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-- test cycle detection
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--
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create temp table graph( f int, t int, label text );
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insert into graph values
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(1, 2, 'arc 1 -> 2'),
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(1, 3, 'arc 1 -> 3'),
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(2, 3, 'arc 2 -> 3'),
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(1, 4, 'arc 1 -> 4'),
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(4, 5, 'arc 4 -> 5'),
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(5, 1, 'arc 5 -> 1');
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with recursive search_graph(f, t, label, path, cycle) as (
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select *, array[row(g.f, g.t)], false from graph g
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union all
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select g.*, path || row(g.f, g.t), row(g.f, g.t) = any(path)
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from graph g, search_graph sg
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where g.f = sg.t and not cycle
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)
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select * from search_graph;
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-- ordering by the path column has same effect as SEARCH DEPTH FIRST
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with recursive search_graph(f, t, label, path, cycle) as (
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select *, array[row(g.f, g.t)], false from graph g
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union all
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select g.*, path || row(g.f, g.t), row(g.f, g.t) = any(path)
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from graph g, search_graph sg
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where g.f = sg.t and not cycle
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)
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select * from search_graph order by path;
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--
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-- test multiple WITH queries
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--
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WITH RECURSIVE
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y (id) AS (VALUES (1)),
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x (id) AS (SELECT * FROM y UNION ALL SELECT id+1 FROM x WHERE id < 5)
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SELECT * FROM x;
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-- forward reference OK
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WITH RECURSIVE
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x(id) AS (SELECT * FROM y UNION ALL SELECT id+1 FROM x WHERE id < 5),
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y(id) AS (values (1))
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SELECT * FROM x;
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WITH RECURSIVE
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x(id) AS
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(VALUES (1) UNION ALL SELECT id+1 FROM x WHERE id < 5),
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y(id) AS
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(VALUES (1) UNION ALL SELECT id+1 FROM y WHERE id < 10)
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SELECT y.*, x.* FROM y LEFT JOIN x USING (id);
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WITH RECURSIVE
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x(id) AS
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(VALUES (1) UNION ALL SELECT id+1 FROM x WHERE id < 5),
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y(id) AS
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(VALUES (1) UNION ALL SELECT id+1 FROM x WHERE id < 10)
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SELECT y.*, x.* FROM y LEFT JOIN x USING (id);
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WITH RECURSIVE
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x(id) AS
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(SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT id+1 FROM x WHERE id < 3 ),
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y(id) AS
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(SELECT * FROM x UNION ALL SELECT * FROM x),
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z(id) AS
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(SELECT * FROM x UNION ALL SELECT id+1 FROM z WHERE id < 10)
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SELECT * FROM z;
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WITH RECURSIVE
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x(id) AS
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(SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT id+1 FROM x WHERE id < 3 ),
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y(id) AS
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(SELECT * FROM x UNION ALL SELECT * FROM x),
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z(id) AS
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(SELECT * FROM y UNION ALL SELECT id+1 FROM z WHERE id < 10)
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SELECT * FROM z;
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--
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-- error cases
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--
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-- INTERSECT
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WITH RECURSIVE x(n) AS (SELECT 1 INTERSECT SELECT n+1 FROM x)
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SELECT * FROM x;
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WITH RECURSIVE x(n) AS (SELECT 1 INTERSECT ALL SELECT n+1 FROM x)
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SELECT * FROM x;
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-- EXCEPT
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WITH RECURSIVE x(n) AS (SELECT 1 EXCEPT SELECT n+1 FROM x)
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SELECT * FROM x;
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WITH RECURSIVE x(n) AS (SELECT 1 EXCEPT ALL SELECT n+1 FROM x)
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SELECT * FROM x;
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-- no non-recursive term
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WITH RECURSIVE x(n) AS (SELECT n FROM x)
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SELECT * FROM x;
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-- recursive term in the left hand side (strictly speaking, should allow this)
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WITH RECURSIVE x(n) AS (SELECT n FROM x UNION ALL SELECT 1)
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SELECT * FROM x;
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CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE y (a INTEGER);
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INSERT INTO y SELECT generate_series(1, 10);
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-- LEFT JOIN
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WITH RECURSIVE x(n) AS (SELECT a FROM y WHERE a = 1
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UNION ALL
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SELECT x.n+1 FROM y LEFT JOIN x ON x.n = y.a WHERE n < 10)
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SELECT * FROM x;
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-- RIGHT JOIN
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WITH RECURSIVE x(n) AS (SELECT a FROM y WHERE a = 1
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UNION ALL
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SELECT x.n+1 FROM x RIGHT JOIN y ON x.n = y.a WHERE n < 10)
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SELECT * FROM x;
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-- FULL JOIN
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WITH RECURSIVE x(n) AS (SELECT a FROM y WHERE a = 1
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UNION ALL
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SELECT x.n+1 FROM x FULL JOIN y ON x.n = y.a WHERE n < 10)
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SELECT * FROM x;
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-- subquery
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WITH RECURSIVE x(n) AS (SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT n+1 FROM x
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WHERE n IN (SELECT * FROM x))
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SELECT * FROM x;
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-- aggregate functions
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WITH RECURSIVE x(n) AS (SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT count(*) FROM x)
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SELECT * FROM x;
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WITH RECURSIVE x(n) AS (SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT sum(n) FROM x)
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SELECT * FROM x;
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-- ORDER BY
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WITH RECURSIVE x(n) AS (SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT n+1 FROM x ORDER BY 1)
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SELECT * FROM x;
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-- LIMIT/OFFSET
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WITH RECURSIVE x(n) AS (SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT n+1 FROM x LIMIT 10 OFFSET 1)
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SELECT * FROM x;
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-- FOR UPDATE
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WITH RECURSIVE x(n) AS (SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT n+1 FROM x FOR UPDATE)
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SELECT * FROM x;
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-- target list has a recursive query name
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WITH RECURSIVE x(id) AS (values (1)
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UNION ALL
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SELECT (SELECT * FROM x) FROM x WHERE id < 5
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) SELECT * FROM x;
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-- mutual recursive query (not implemented)
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WITH RECURSIVE
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x (id) AS (SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT id+1 FROM y WHERE id < 5),
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y (id) AS (SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT id+1 FROM x WHERE id < 5)
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SELECT * FROM x;
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-- non-linear recursion is not allowed
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WITH RECURSIVE foo(i) AS
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(values (1)
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UNION ALL
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(SELECT i+1 FROM foo WHERE i < 10
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UNION ALL
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SELECT i+1 FROM foo WHERE i < 5)
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) SELECT * FROM foo;
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WITH RECURSIVE foo(i) AS
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(values (1)
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UNION ALL
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SELECT * FROM
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(SELECT i+1 FROM foo WHERE i < 10
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UNION ALL
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SELECT i+1 FROM foo WHERE i < 5) AS t
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) SELECT * FROM foo;
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WITH RECURSIVE foo(i) AS
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(values (1)
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UNION ALL
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(SELECT i+1 FROM foo WHERE i < 10
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EXCEPT
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SELECT i+1 FROM foo WHERE i < 5)
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) SELECT * FROM foo;
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WITH RECURSIVE foo(i) AS
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(values (1)
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UNION ALL
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(SELECT i+1 FROM foo WHERE i < 10
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INTERSECT
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SELECT i+1 FROM foo WHERE i < 5)
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) SELECT * FROM foo;
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-- Wrong type induced from non-recursive term
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WITH RECURSIVE foo(i) AS
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(SELECT i FROM (VALUES(1),(2)) t(i)
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UNION ALL
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SELECT (i+1)::numeric(10,0) FROM foo WHERE i < 10)
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SELECT * FROM foo;
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-- rejects different typmod, too (should we allow this?)
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WITH RECURSIVE foo(i) AS
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(SELECT i::numeric(3,0) FROM (VALUES(1),(2)) t(i)
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UNION ALL
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SELECT (i+1)::numeric(10,0) FROM foo WHERE i < 10)
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SELECT * FROM foo;
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--
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-- test for bug #4902
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--
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with cte(foo) as ( values(42) ) values((select foo from cte));
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with cte(foo) as ( select 42 ) select * from ((select foo from cte)) q;
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-- test CTE referencing an outer-level variable (to see that changed-parameter
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-- signaling still works properly after fixing this bug)
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select ( with cte(foo) as ( values(f1) )
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select (select foo from cte) )
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from int4_tbl;
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select ( with cte(foo) as ( values(f1) )
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values((select foo from cte)) )
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from int4_tbl;
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--
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-- test for nested-recursive-WITH bug
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--
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WITH RECURSIVE t(j) AS (
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WITH RECURSIVE s(i) AS (
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VALUES (1)
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UNION ALL
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SELECT i+1 FROM s WHERE i < 10
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)
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SELECT i FROM s
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UNION ALL
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SELECT j+1 FROM t WHERE j < 10
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)
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SELECT * FROM t;
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--
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-- test WITH attached to intermediate-level set operation
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--
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WITH outermost(x) AS (
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SELECT 1
|
|
UNION (WITH innermost as (SELECT 2)
|
|
SELECT * FROM innermost
|
|
UNION SELECT 3)
|
|
)
|
|
SELECT * FROM outermost;
|
|
|
|
WITH outermost(x) AS (
|
|
SELECT 1
|
|
UNION (WITH innermost as (SELECT 2)
|
|
SELECT * FROM outermost -- fail
|
|
UNION SELECT * FROM innermost)
|
|
)
|
|
SELECT * FROM outermost;
|
|
|
|
WITH RECURSIVE outermost(x) AS (
|
|
SELECT 1
|
|
UNION (WITH innermost as (SELECT 2)
|
|
SELECT * FROM outermost
|
|
UNION SELECT * FROM innermost)
|
|
)
|
|
SELECT * FROM outermost;
|
|
|
|
WITH RECURSIVE outermost(x) AS (
|
|
WITH innermost as (SELECT 2 FROM outermost) -- fail
|
|
SELECT * FROM innermost
|
|
UNION SELECT * from outermost
|
|
)
|
|
SELECT * FROM outermost;
|
|
|
|
--
|
|
-- This test will fail with the old implementation of PARAM_EXEC parameter
|
|
-- assignment, because the "q1" Var passed down to A's targetlist subselect
|
|
-- looks exactly like the "A.id" Var passed down to C's subselect, causing
|
|
-- the old code to give them the same runtime PARAM_EXEC slot. But the
|
|
-- lifespans of the two parameters overlap, thanks to B also reading A.
|
|
--
|
|
|
|
with
|
|
A as ( select q2 as id, (select q1) as x from int8_tbl ),
|
|
B as ( select id, row_number() over (partition by id) as r from A ),
|
|
C as ( select A.id, array(select B.id from B where B.id = A.id) from A )
|
|
select * from C;
|
|
|
|
--
|
|
-- Test CTEs read in non-initialization orders
|
|
--
|
|
|
|
WITH RECURSIVE
|
|
tab(id_key,link) AS (VALUES (1,17), (2,17), (3,17), (4,17), (6,17), (5,17)),
|
|
iter (id_key, row_type, link) AS (
|
|
SELECT 0, 'base', 17
|
|
UNION ALL (
|
|
WITH remaining(id_key, row_type, link, min) AS (
|
|
SELECT tab.id_key, 'true'::text, iter.link, MIN(tab.id_key) OVER ()
|
|
FROM tab INNER JOIN iter USING (link)
|
|
WHERE tab.id_key > iter.id_key
|
|
),
|
|
first_remaining AS (
|
|
SELECT id_key, row_type, link
|
|
FROM remaining
|
|
WHERE id_key=min
|
|
),
|
|
effect AS (
|
|
SELECT tab.id_key, 'new'::text, tab.link
|
|
FROM first_remaining e INNER JOIN tab ON e.id_key=tab.id_key
|
|
WHERE e.row_type = 'false'
|
|
)
|
|
SELECT * FROM first_remaining
|
|
UNION ALL SELECT * FROM effect
|
|
)
|
|
)
|
|
SELECT * FROM iter;
|
|
|
|
WITH RECURSIVE
|
|
tab(id_key,link) AS (VALUES (1,17), (2,17), (3,17), (4,17), (6,17), (5,17)),
|
|
iter (id_key, row_type, link) AS (
|
|
SELECT 0, 'base', 17
|
|
UNION (
|
|
WITH remaining(id_key, row_type, link, min) AS (
|
|
SELECT tab.id_key, 'true'::text, iter.link, MIN(tab.id_key) OVER ()
|
|
FROM tab INNER JOIN iter USING (link)
|
|
WHERE tab.id_key > iter.id_key
|
|
),
|
|
first_remaining AS (
|
|
SELECT id_key, row_type, link
|
|
FROM remaining
|
|
WHERE id_key=min
|
|
),
|
|
effect AS (
|
|
SELECT tab.id_key, 'new'::text, tab.link
|
|
FROM first_remaining e INNER JOIN tab ON e.id_key=tab.id_key
|
|
WHERE e.row_type = 'false'
|
|
)
|
|
SELECT * FROM first_remaining
|
|
UNION ALL SELECT * FROM effect
|
|
)
|
|
)
|
|
SELECT * FROM iter;
|