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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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* $RCSfile: 04060105.xhp,v $fileonly,v $
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<helpdocument version="1.0">
<helpdocument version="1.0">
<meta>
<topic id="textscalc0104060105xml" indexer="include" status="PUBLISH">
<title id="tit" xml-lang="en-US">Logical Functions</title>
<filename>/text/scalc/01/04060105.xhp</filename>
</topic>
<history>
<created date="2003-10-31T00:00:00">Sun Microsystems, Inc.</created>
<lastedited date="2006-11-07T11:44:24">UFI: must rewrite all examples to become meaningful and helpful</lastedited>
</history>
</meta>
<body>
<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="index" id="bm_id3153484"><bookmark_value>logical functions</bookmark_value>
@ -56,102 +54,105 @@
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3149312" xml-lang="en-US" l10n="U" oldref="2"><variable id="logischtext">This category contains the <emph>Logical</emph> functions.
</variable></paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3150952" xml-lang="en-US" l10n="E" localize="false"><link href="text/scalc/00/00000404.xhp#eikalo"><embedvar href="text/scalc/00/00000004.xhp#wie"/></link></paragraph>
<sort order="asc">
<section id="Section6">
<sort order="asc"><section id="Section6">
<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="index" id="bm_id3147505"><bookmark_value>AND function</bookmark_value>
</bookmark>
<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="hid/HID_FUNC_UND" id="bm_id3145320" localize="false"/>
<paragraph role="heading" id="hd_id3147505" xml-lang="en-US" level="2" l10n="U" oldref="29">AND</paragraph>
<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="hid/HID_FUNC_UND" id="bm_id3145320" localize="false"/><paragraph role="heading" id="hd_id3147505" xml-lang="en-US" level="2" l10n="U" oldref="29">AND</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3153959" xml-lang="en-US" l10n="U" oldref="65"><ahelp hid="HID_FUNC_UND">Returns TRUE if all arguments are TRUE.</ahelp> If one of the elements is FALSE, this function returns the FALSE value.</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3146100" xml-lang="en-US" l10n="U" oldref="66">The arguments are either logical expressions themselves (TRUE, 1&lt;5, 2+3=7, B8&lt;10) that return logical values, or arrays (A1:C3) containing logical values.</paragraph>
<paragraph role="note" id="par_id3150538" xml-lang="en-US" l10n="CHG" oldref="67">When a function expects a single value, but you entered a cell range, then the value from the cell range is taken that is in the same column or row as the formula.<comment>UFI: fixed #i18547#</comment></paragraph>
<paragraph role="note" id="par_id3149128" xml-lang="en-US" l10n="CHG" oldref="68">If the entered range is outside of the current column or row of the formula, the function returns the error value #VALUE!</paragraph>
<paragraph role="heading" id="hd_id3150374" xml-lang="en-US" level="3" l10n="U" oldref="31">Syntax</paragraph>
<paragraph role="code" id="par_id3159123" xml-lang="en-US" l10n="U" oldref="32">AND(Logical value 1; Logical value 2 ...Logical value 30)</paragraph>
<paragraph role="code" id="par_id3159123" xml-lang="en-US" l10n="U" oldref="32">AND(LogicalValue1; LogicalValue2 ...LogicalValue30)</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3150038" xml-lang="en-US" l10n="CHG" oldref="33">
<emph>Logical value 1; Logical value 2 ...Logical value 30</emph> are conditions to be checked. All conditions can be either TRUE or FALSE. If a range is entered as a parameter, the function uses the value from the range that is in the current column or row. The result is TRUE if the logical value in all cells within the cell range is TRUE.</paragraph>
<emph>LogicalValue1; LogicalValue2 ...LogicalValue30</emph> are conditions to be checked. All conditions can be either TRUE or FALSE. If a range is entered as a parameter, the function uses the value from the range that is in the current column or row. The result is TRUE if the logical value in all cells within the cell range is TRUE.</paragraph>
<paragraph role="heading" id="hd_id3149143" xml-lang="en-US" level="3" l10n="U" oldref="34">Example</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3153123" xml-lang="en-US" l10n="U" oldref="35">The logical values of entries 12&lt;13; 14&gt;12, and 7&lt;6 are to be checked:</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3145632" xml-lang="en-US" l10n="U" oldref="36">AND(12&lt;13; 14&gt;12; 7&lt;6) returns FALSE.</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3149946" xml-lang="en-US" l10n="U" oldref="60">AND (FALSE;TRUE) returns FALSE.</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3145632" xml-lang="en-US" l10n="U" oldref="36">
<item type="input">=AND(12&lt;13;14&gt;12;7&lt;6)</item> returns FALSE.</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3149946" xml-lang="en-US" l10n="U" oldref="60">
<item type="input">=AND (FALSE;TRUE)</item> returns FALSE.</paragraph>
</section>
<section id="Section5">
<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="index" id="bm_id3149015"><bookmark_value>FALSE function</bookmark_value>
</bookmark>
<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="hid/HID_FUNC_FALSCH" id="bm_id3154678" localize="false"/>
<paragraph role="heading" id="hd_id3149015" xml-lang="en-US" level="2" l10n="U" oldref="3">FALSE</paragraph>
<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="hid/HID_FUNC_FALSCH" id="bm_id3154678" localize="false"/><paragraph role="heading" id="hd_id3149015" xml-lang="en-US" level="2" l10n="U" oldref="3">FALSE</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3149890" xml-lang="en-US" l10n="U" oldref="4"><ahelp hid="HID_FUNC_FALSCH">Returns the logical value FALSE.</ahelp> The FALSE() function does not require any arguments, and always returns the logical value FALSE.</paragraph>
<paragraph role="heading" id="hd_id3146939" xml-lang="en-US" level="3" l10n="U" oldref="5">Syntax</paragraph>
<paragraph role="code" id="par_id3150030" xml-lang="en-US" l10n="U" oldref="6">FALSE()</paragraph>
<paragraph role="heading" id="hd_id3150697" xml-lang="en-US" level="3" l10n="U" oldref="7">Example</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3154842" xml-lang="en-US" l10n="CHG" oldref="8">FALSE() returns FALSE</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3147468" xml-lang="en-US" l10n="CHG" oldref="9">NOT(FALSE()) returns TRUE</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3154842" xml-lang="en-US" l10n="CHG" oldref="8">
<item type="input">=FALSE()</item> returns FALSE</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3147468" xml-lang="en-US" l10n="CHG" oldref="9">
<item type="input">=NOT(FALSE())</item> returns TRUE</paragraph>
</section>
<section id="Section4">
<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="index" id="bm_id3150141"><bookmark_value>IF function</bookmark_value>
</bookmark>
<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="hid/HID_FUNC_WENN" id="bm_id3152789" localize="false"/>
<paragraph role="heading" id="hd_id3150141" xml-lang="en-US" level="2" l10n="U" oldref="48">IF</paragraph>
<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="hid/HID_FUNC_WENN" id="bm_id3152789" localize="false"/><paragraph role="heading" id="hd_id3150141" xml-lang="en-US" level="2" l10n="U" oldref="48">IF</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3148740" xml-lang="en-US" l10n="U" oldref="49"><ahelp hid="HID_FUNC_WENN">Specifies a logical test to be performed.</ahelp></paragraph>
<paragraph role="heading" id="hd_id3153325" xml-lang="en-US" level="3" l10n="U" oldref="50">Syntax</paragraph>
<paragraph role="code" id="par_id3154558" xml-lang="en-US" l10n="U" oldref="51">IF(Test; Then_value; Otherwise_value)</paragraph>
<paragraph role="code" id="par_id3154558" xml-lang="en-US" l10n="U" oldref="51">IF(Test; ThenValue; "OtherwiseValue")</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3149727" xml-lang="en-US" l10n="U" oldref="52">
<emph>Test</emph> is any value or expression that can be TRUE or FALSE.</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3155828" xml-lang="en-US" l10n="U" oldref="53">
<emph>Then_value</emph> (optional) is the value that is returned if the logical test is TRUE.</paragraph>
<emph>ThenValue</emph> (optional) is the value that is returned if the logical test is TRUE.</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3154811" xml-lang="en-US" l10n="U" oldref="54">
<emph>Otherwise_value</emph> (optional) is the value that is returned if the logical test is FALSE.</paragraph>
<emph>OtherwiseValue</emph> (optional) is the value that is returned if the logical test is FALSE.</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_idN107FA" xml-lang="en-US" l10n="NEW">
<embedvar href="text/scalc/00/00000004.xhp#optional"/>
</paragraph>
<paragraph role="heading" id="hd_id3149507" xml-lang="en-US" level="3" l10n="U" oldref="55">Examples</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3150867" xml-lang="en-US" l10n="U" oldref="57">IF(A1&gt;5;100;"too small") If the value in A1 is higher than 5, the value 100 is entered in the current cell; otherwise, <emph>too small</emph> is entered in text format.</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3150867" xml-lang="en-US" l10n="U" oldref="57">
<item type="input">=IF(A1&gt;5;100;"too small")</item> If the value in A1 is higher than 5, the value 100 is entered in the current cell; otherwise, the text “too small” (without quotes) is entered.</paragraph>
</section>
<section id="Section3">
<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="index" id="bm_id3155954"><bookmark_value>NOT function</bookmark_value>
</bookmark>
<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="hid/HID_FUNC_NICHT" id="bm_id3145168" localize="false"/>
<paragraph role="heading" id="hd_id3155954" xml-lang="en-US" level="2" l10n="U" oldref="12">NOT</paragraph>
<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="hid/HID_FUNC_NICHT" id="bm_id3145168" localize="false"/><paragraph role="heading" id="hd_id3155954" xml-lang="en-US" level="2" l10n="U" oldref="12">NOT</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3153570" xml-lang="en-US" l10n="U" oldref="13"><ahelp hid="HID_FUNC_NICHT">Reverses the logical value.</ahelp></paragraph>
<paragraph role="heading" id="hd_id3147372" xml-lang="en-US" level="3" l10n="U" oldref="14">Syntax</paragraph>
<paragraph role="code" id="par_id3157996" xml-lang="en-US" l10n="U" oldref="15">NOT(Logical value)</paragraph>
<paragraph role="code" id="par_id3157996" xml-lang="en-US" l10n="U" oldref="15">NOT(LogicalValue)</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3148766" xml-lang="en-US" l10n="U" oldref="16">
<emph>Logical Value</emph> is any value to be reversed.</paragraph>
<emph>LogicalValue</emph> is any value to be reversed.</paragraph>
<paragraph role="heading" id="hd_id3149884" xml-lang="en-US" level="3" l10n="U" oldref="17">Example</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3150132" xml-lang="en-US" l10n="U" oldref="18">NOT(A). A=TRUE reverses to A=FALSE.</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3150132" xml-lang="en-US" l10n="U" oldref="18">
<item type="input">=NOT(A)</item>. A=TRUE reverses to A=FALSE.</paragraph>
</section>
<section id="Section2">
<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="index" id="bm_id3148394"><bookmark_value>OR function</bookmark_value>
</bookmark>
<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="hid/HID_FUNC_ODER" id="bm_id3155620" localize="false"/>
<paragraph role="heading" id="hd_id3148394" xml-lang="en-US" level="2" l10n="U" oldref="20">OR</paragraph>
<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="hid/HID_FUNC_ODER" id="bm_id3155620" localize="false"/><paragraph role="heading" id="hd_id3148394" xml-lang="en-US" level="2" l10n="U" oldref="20">OR</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3156060" xml-lang="en-US" l10n="U" oldref="61"><ahelp hid="HID_FUNC_ODER">Returns TRUE if at least one argument is TRUE.</ahelp> This function returns the value FALSE, if all the arguments have the logical value FALSE.</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3148771" xml-lang="en-US" l10n="U" oldref="62">The arguments are either logical expressions themselves (TRUE, 1&lt;5, 2+3=7, B8&lt;10) that return logical values, or arrays (A1:C3) containing logical values.</paragraph>
<paragraph role="note" id="par_id3153546" xml-lang="en-US" l10n="CHG" oldref="63">When a function expects a single value, but you entered a cell range, then the value from the cell range is taken that is in the same column or row as the formula.</paragraph>
<paragraph role="note" id="par_id3149027" xml-lang="en-US" l10n="CHG" oldref="64">If the entered range is outside of the current column or row of the formula, the function returns the error value #VALUE!</paragraph>
<paragraph role="heading" id="hd_id3155517" xml-lang="en-US" level="3" l10n="U" oldref="22">Syntax</paragraph>
<paragraph role="code" id="par_id3150468" xml-lang="en-US" l10n="U" oldref="23">OR(Logical value 1; Logical value 2 ...Logical value 30)</paragraph>
<paragraph role="code" id="par_id3150468" xml-lang="en-US" l10n="U" oldref="23">OR(LogicalValue1; LogicalValue2 ...LogicalValue30)</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3155819" xml-lang="en-US" l10n="CHG" oldref="24">
<emph>Logical value 1; Logical value 2 ...Logical value 30</emph> are conditions to be checked. All conditions can be either TRUE or FALSE. If a range is entered as a parameter, the function uses the value from the range that is in the current column or row.<comment>UFI: first try to fix bugtraq 4905779</comment></paragraph>
<emph>LogicalValue1; LogicalValue2 ...LogicalValue30</emph> are conditions to be checked. All conditions can be either TRUE or FALSE. If a range is entered as a parameter, the function uses the value from the range that is in the current column or row.<comment>UFI: first try to fix bugtraq 4905779</comment></paragraph>
<paragraph role="heading" id="hd_id3153228" xml-lang="en-US" level="3" l10n="U" oldref="25">Example</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3154870" xml-lang="en-US" l10n="U" oldref="26">The logical values of entries 12&lt;11; 13&gt;22, and 45=45 are to be checked.</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3155371" xml-lang="en-US" l10n="U" oldref="27">OR(12&lt;11; 13&gt;22; 45=45) returns TRUE.</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3158412" xml-lang="en-US" l10n="U" oldref="59">OR(FALSE;TRUE) returns TRUE.</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3155371" xml-lang="en-US" l10n="U" oldref="27">
<item type="input">=OR(12&lt;11;13&gt;22;45=45)</item> returns TRUE.</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3158412" xml-lang="en-US" l10n="U" oldref="59">
<item type="input">=OR(FALSE;TRUE)</item> returns TRUE.</paragraph>
</section>
<section id="Section1">
<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="index" id="bm_id3156256"><bookmark_value>TRUE function</bookmark_value>
</bookmark>
<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="hid/HID_FUNC_WAHR" id="bm_id3148426" localize="false"/>
<paragraph role="heading" id="hd_id3156256" xml-lang="en-US" level="2" l10n="U" oldref="38">TRUE</paragraph>
<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="hid/HID_FUNC_WAHR" id="bm_id3148426" localize="false"/><paragraph role="heading" id="hd_id3156256" xml-lang="en-US" level="2" l10n="U" oldref="38">TRUE</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3155985" xml-lang="en-US" l10n="U" oldref="39"><ahelp hid="HID_FUNC_WAHR">The logical value is set to TRUE.</ahelp> The TRUE() function does not require any arguments, and always returns the logical value TRUE.</paragraph>
<paragraph role="heading" id="hd_id3153717" xml-lang="en-US" level="3" l10n="U" oldref="40">Syntax</paragraph>
<paragraph role="code" id="par_id3152590" xml-lang="en-US" l10n="U" oldref="41">TRUE()</paragraph>
<paragraph role="heading" id="hd_id3147175" xml-lang="en-US" level="3" l10n="U" oldref="42">Example</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3146148" xml-lang="en-US" l10n="U" oldref="43">If A=TRUE and B=FALSE the following examples appear:</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3083285" xml-lang="en-US" l10n="U" oldref="44">=AND(A;B) returns FALSE</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3083444" xml-lang="en-US" l10n="U" oldref="45">=OR(A;B) returns TRUE</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3154314" xml-lang="en-US" l10n="U" oldref="46">=NOT(AND(A;B)) returns TRUE</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3083285" xml-lang="en-US" l10n="U" oldref="44">
<item type="input">=AND(A;B)</item> returns FALSE</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3083444" xml-lang="en-US" l10n="U" oldref="45">
<item type="input">=OR(A;B)</item> returns TRUE</paragraph>
<paragraph role="paragraph" id="par_id3154314" xml-lang="en-US" l10n="U" oldref="46">
<item type="input">=NOT(AND(A;B))</item> returns TRUE</paragraph>
</section>
</sort>
</body>
</sort></body>
</helpdocument>