branch-2.1: [opt](paimon) Optimize error prompt #47593 (#47790)

Cherry-picked from #47593

Co-authored-by: wuwenchi <wuwenchi@selectdb.com>

fe/fe-core/src/main/java/org/apache/doris/datasource/paimon/PaimonExternalCatalog.java

@@ -121,18 +121,10 @@ public abstract class PaimonExternalCatalog extends ExternalCatalog {
     public org.apache.paimon.table.Table getPaimonTable(String dbName, String tblName) {
         makeSureInitialized();
         try {
-            return hadoopAuthenticator.doAs(() -> {
-                org.apache.paimon.table.Table table = null;
-                try {
-                    table = catalog.getTable(Identifier.create(dbName, tblName));
-                } catch (Catalog.TableNotExistException e) {
-                    LOG.warn("TableNotExistException", e);
-                }
-                return table;
-            });
-        } catch (IOException e) {
-            throw new RuntimeException("Failed to get Paimon table, catalog name: " + getName() + ", db: "
-                    + dbName + ", table: " + tblName, e);
+            return hadoopAuthenticator.doAs(() -> catalog.getTable(Identifier.create(dbName, tblName)));
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Failed to get Paimon table:" + getName() + "."
+                    + dbName + "." + tblName + ", because " + e.getMessage(), e);
         }
     }
 

fe/fe-core/src/test/java/org/apache/doris/datasource/paimon/PaimonExternalCatalogTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+// Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+// distributed with this work for additional information
+// regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+// specific language governing permissions and limitations
+// under the License.
+
+package org.apache.doris.datasource.paimon;
+
+import org.junit.Assert;
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+import java.util.HashMap;
+
+
+public class PaimonExternalCatalogTest {
+
+    @Test
+    public void testGetPaimonTable() {
+
+        HashMap<String, String> props = new HashMap<>();
+        props.put("warehouse", "not_exist");
+        PaimonExternalCatalog catalog = new PaimonFileExternalCatalog(1, "name", "resource", props, "comment");
+        catalog.setInitialized(true);
+
+        try {
+            catalog.getPaimonTable("dbName", "tblName");
+            Assert.fail();
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            Assert.assertTrue(e.getMessage().contains("Failed to get Paimon table"));
+        }
+    }
+}